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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is the target of autoantibodies characteristic of the gluten-sensitive enteropathy celiac disease, and intact enzyme activity seems to be required for the disease-causing immune response. TG2 activity is regulated through conformational changes. Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    binding is required for enzyme activity, whereas oxidation inactivates the enzyme. Using hydrogen\/deuterium exchange monitored by mass spectrometry, we have studied differences between active and inactive forms of TG2 in solution and found that oxidation prevents Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -induced structural changes. Further, we have characterized the TG2 binding of a panel of monoclonal autoantibodies derived from disease lesion plasma cells. Autoantibody binding affected the structure of TG2, and mapping of the targeted epitopes suggests a possible mechanism for the induction of the autoimmune response.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1407457111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,20]],"date-time":"2014-11-20T03:43:24Z","timestamp":1416455004000},"page":"17146-17151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Activity-regulating structural changes and autoantibody epitopes in transglutaminase 2 assessed by hydrogen\/deuterium exchange"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Rasmus","family":"Iversen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, N-0372 Oslo, Norway; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Mysling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5320 Odense M, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Hnida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, N-0372 Oslo, Norway; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J. 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