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In this study, we found that dairy cow manure amendment enhanced the proliferation of resident antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes encoding \u03b2-lactamases in soil even though the cows from which the manure was derived had not been treated with antibiotics. Our findings provide previously unidentified insight into the mechanism by which amendment with manure enriches antibiotic-resistant bacteria in soil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1409836111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,6]],"date-time":"2014-10-06T22:54:30Z","timestamp":1412636070000},"page":"15202-15207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":556,"title":["Bloom of resident antibiotic-resistant bacteria in soil following manure fertilization"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Nikolina","family":"Udikovic-Kolic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"},{"name":"Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabienne","family":"Wichmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"},{"name":"Biosafety Research, State Laboratory Basel, 4012 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nichole A.","family":"Broderick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Handelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","unstructured":"65. 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