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We searched for chicken pineal genes that are induced by light in a time-of-day-dependent manner, and isolated chicken homolog of bZIP transcription factor\n                    <jats:italic>E4bp4<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>cE4bp4<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) showing high similarity to\n                    <jats:italic>vrille<\/jats:italic>\n                    , one of the\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    clock genes.\n                    <jats:italic>cE4bp4<\/jats:italic>\n                    was expressed rhythmically in the pineal gland with a peak at very early (subjective) night under both 12-h light\/12-h dark cycle and constant dark conditions, and the phase was nearly opposite to the expression rhythm of\n                    <jats:italic>cPer2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a chicken pineal clock gene. Luciferase reporter gene assays showed that cE4BP4 represses\n                    <jats:italic>cPer2<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter through a E4BP4-recognition sequence present in the 5\u2032-flanking region, indicating that cE4BP4 can down-regulate the chick pineal\n                    <jats:italic>cPer2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression.\n                    <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    light-perturbation studies showed that the prolongation of the light period to early subjective night maintained the high level expression of the pineal\n                    <jats:italic>cE4bp4<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and presumably as a consequence delayed the onset of the induction of the pineal\n                    <jats:italic>cPer2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression in the next morning. These light-dependent changes in the mRNA levels of the pineal\n                    <jats:italic>cE4bp4<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>cPer2<\/jats:italic>\n                    were followed by a phase-delay of the subsequent cycles of\n                    <jats:italic>cE4bp4<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>cPer2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression, suggesting that cE4BP4 plays an important role in the phase-delaying process as a light-dependent suppressor of\n                    <jats:italic>cPer2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.141090998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:34:10Z","timestamp":1027679650000},"page":"8089-8094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Light-induced phase-delay of the chicken pineal circadian clock is associated with the induction of\n                    <i>cE4bp4<\/i>\n                    , a potential transcriptional repressor of\n                    <i>cPer2<\/i>\n                    gene"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Masao","family":"Doi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, and Japan Science and Technology (JST), Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Tokyo 113-0033, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshito","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, and Japan Science and Technology (JST), Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Tokyo 113-0033, 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