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XCI is initiated\n                    <jats:italic>in cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    by a noncoding RNA called\n                    <jats:italic>Xist<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    -acting factors that mediate XCI remain largely unknown. In this study, we perform a large-scale RNA interference screen and identify new\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    -acting factors that are required for mammalian XCI. Chemical inhibitors of some of these factors can reversibly reactivate the inactive X chromosome. Our results have therapeutic implications for certain human diseases, in particular the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome, which is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked\n                    <jats:italic>MECP2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene. Reactivation of the silenced wild-type\n                    <jats:italic>MECP2<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele is a potential strategy for treating the disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413620111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]],"date-time":"2014-08-19T02:18:04Z","timestamp":1408414684000},"page":"12591-12598","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Genetic and pharmacological reactivation of the mammalian inactive X chromosome"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Sanchita","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Programs in"},{"name":"Gene Function and Expression,"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Programs in"},{"name":"Gene Function and Expression,"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhong","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gene Function and Expression,"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Programs in"},{"name":"Gene Function and Expression,"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Chamberlain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Programs in"},{"name":"Gene Function and Expression,"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua J.","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gene Function and Expression,"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine, and"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narendra","family":"Wajapeyee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Programs in"},{"name":"Gene Function and Expression,"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6603(08)60166-X","article-title":"X-chromosome inactivation as a system of gene dosage compensation to regulate gene expression","volume":"36","author":"Lyon MF","year":"1989","unstructured":"MF Lyon, X-chromosome inactivation as a system of gene dosage compensation to regulate gene expression. 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