{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:56:07Z","timestamp":1790751367931,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"36","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Early Neolithic massacre-related mass grave of Sch\u00f6neck-Kilianst\u00e4dten presented here provides new data and insights for the ongoing discussions of prehistoric warfare in Central Europe. Although several characteristics gleaned from the analysis of the human skeletal remains support and strengthen previous hypotheses based on the few known massacre sites of this time, a pattern of intentional mutilation of violence victims identified here is of special significance. Adding another key site to the evidence for Early Neolithic warfare generally allows more robust and reliable reconstructions of the possible reasons for the extent and frequency of outbreaks of lethal mass violence and the general impact these events had on shaping the further development of the Central European Neolithic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1504365112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]],"date-time":"2015-08-17T22:41:06Z","timestamp":1439851266000},"page":"11217-11222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["The massacre mass grave of Sch\u00f6neck-Kilianst\u00e4dten reveals new insights into collective violence in Early Neolithic Central Europe"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anthropology, University of Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Lohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00f6misch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, 55116 Mainz, Germany;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Detlef","family":"Gronenborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00f6misch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, 55116 Mainz, Germany;"},{"name":"School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2000, Johannesburg, South Africa;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt W.","family":"Alt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Natural and Cultural History of Teeth, Danube Private University, 3500 Krems-Stein, Austria;"},{"name":"Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland;"},{"name":"State Department for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt, State Museum of Prehistory, 06114 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"The Linear Pottery Culture: Diversity in uniformity","volume":"38","author":"Modderman PJR","year":"1988","unstructured":"PJR Modderman, The Linear Pottery Culture: Diversity in uniformity. Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek 38, 63\u2013139 (1988).","journal-title":"Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022374312372"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"The First Farmers of Central Europe","author":"Bickle P","year":"2013","unstructured":"P Bickle, A Whittle The First Farmers of Central Europe (Oxbow, Oxford, UK, 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000536"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241844"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2010.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003598X00096812"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1113710109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176869"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.0020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807592105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"343","volume-title":"The First Farmers of Central Europe","author":"Hedges R","year":"2013","unstructured":"R Hedges, , The supra-regional perspective. The First Farmers of Central Europe, eds P Bickle, A Whittle (Oxbow, Oxford, UK), pp. 343\u2013384 (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305918110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Une crise majeure de la civilisation du N\u00e9olithique Danubien des ann\u00e9es 5100 avant notre \u00e8re","volume":"54","author":"Farruggia J-P","year":"2002","unstructured":"J-P Farruggia, Une crise majeure de la civilisation du N\u00e9olithique Danubien des ann\u00e9es 5100 avant notre \u00e8re. Archeologick\u00e9 Rozhledy 54, 44\u201398 (2002).","journal-title":"Archeologick\u00e9 Rozhledy"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003598X00095211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033822200039680"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003598X00099282"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"437","article-title":"Evidence of genocide 7000 BP\u2014Neolithic paradigm and geo-climatic reality","volume":"23","author":"Teschler-Nicola M","year":"1999","unstructured":"M Teschler-Nicola, , Evidence of genocide 7000 BP\u2014Neolithic paradigm and geo-climatic reality. Coll Antropol 23, 437\u2013450 (1999).","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"87","volume-title":"Krisen\u2013Kulturwandel\u2013Kontinuit\u00e4ten","author":"Zeeb-Lanz A","year":"2009","unstructured":"A Zeeb-Lanz, Gewaltszenarien oder Sinnkrise? Die Grubenanlage von Herxheim und das Ende der Bandkeramik. Krisen\u2013Kulturwandel\u2013Kontinuit\u00e4ten, ed A Zeeb-Lanz (Marie Leidorf, Rahden, Germany), pp. 87\u2013101 (2009)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Die Krise am Ende der Linienbandkeramik? Oder ist es am Ende eine Krise der Bandkeramik-Forschung?! No future?","author":"St\u00e4uble H","year":"2014","unstructured":"H St\u00e4uble Die Krise am Ende der Linienbandkeramik? Oder ist es am Ende eine Krise der Bandkeramik-Forschung?! No future?, eds T Link, D Schimmelpfennig (Welt und Erde, Kerpen-Loogh, Germany), pp. 11\u201349 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Gewalt und Gesellschaft","author":"Zeeb-Lanz A","year":"2014","unstructured":"A Zeeb-Lanz, Gewalt im Ritual \u2013 Gewalt an Toten. Die Krise am Ende der Bandkeramik im Spiegel au\u00dfergew\u00f6hnlicher Befunde. Gewalt und Gesellschaft, eds T Link, H Peter-R\u00f6cher (Habelt, Bonn), pp. 257\u2013270 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Gewalt und Gesellschaft","author":"Link T","year":"2014","unstructured":"T Link, Gewaltphantasien? Kritische Bemerkungen zur Diskussion \u00fcber Krieg und Krise am Ende der Bandkeramik. Gewalt und Gesellschaft, eds T Link, H Peter-R\u00f6cher (Habelt, Bonn), pp. 271\u2013286 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","first-page":"65","article-title":"Anthropologisch-traumatologische Untersuchung der menschlichen Skelettreste aus dem bandkeramischen Massengrab bei Talheim, Kreis Heilbronn","volume":"12","author":"Wahl J","year":"1987","unstructured":"J Wahl, HG K\u00f6nig, Anthropologisch-traumatologische Untersuchung der menschlichen Skelettreste aus dem bandkeramischen Massengrab bei Talheim, Kreis Heilbronn. Fundberichte aus Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 12, 65\u2013186 (1987).","journal-title":"Fundberichte aus Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:osobl\/9780199573066.003.0005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:osobl\/9780199573066.003.0006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082111899"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126589"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470773819","volume-title":"The Origins of War. Violence in Prehistory","author":"Guilaine J","year":"2005","unstructured":"J Guilaine, J Zammit The Origins of War. Violence in Prehistory (Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"181","volume-title":"Troubled Times","author":"Frayer DW","year":"1997","unstructured":"DW Frayer, Ofnet: Evidence for a Mesolithic massacre. Troubled Times, eds DL Martin, DW Frayer (Overseas Publishers Association, Amsterdam), pp. 181\u2013216 (1997)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Warfare, Violence and Slavery in Prehistory","author":"Orschiedt J","year":"2005","unstructured":"J Orschiedt, The head burials from Ofnet cave: An example of warlike conflict in the Mesolithic. Warfare, Violence and Slavery in Prehistory, eds M Parker Pearson, IJN Thorpe (Archaeopress, Oxford, UK), pp. 67\u201373 (2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Ancient Death Ways","author":"Schulting RJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"RJ Schulting, Mesolithic skull cults? Ancient Death Ways, eds K von Hackwitz, R Peyroteo-Stjerna (Institutionen f\u00f6r arkeologi och antik historia, Uppsala, Sweden), pp. 19\u201346 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","first-page":"505","article-title":"Mord und Krieg in der Bandkeramik","volume":"29","author":"Petrasch J","year":"1999","unstructured":"J Petrasch, Mord und Krieg in der Bandkeramik. Arch\u00e4ologisches Korrespondenzblatt 29, 505\u2013516 (1999).","journal-title":"Arch\u00e4ologisches Korrespondenzblatt"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","unstructured":"I Trautmann The Significance of Cremations in Early Neolithic Communities in Central Europe . PhD thesis (University of T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany) Available at nbn-resolving.de\/urn:nbn:de:bsz:21-opus-30056. Accessed June 30 2015. (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Early Farmers","author":"Meyer C","year":"2014","unstructured":"C Meyer, , Mass graves of the LBK: Patterns and peculiarities. Early Farmers, eds A Whittle, P Bickle (Oxford Univ Press, Oxford, UK), pp. 307\u2013325 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","unstructured":"C Jeunesse H Barrand-Emam A Denaire F Chenal Unusual funeral practices and violence in Early Neolithic Central Europe: New discoveries at the Mulhouse-Est Linearbandkeramik. Antiquity 342: Online Project Gallery. Available at journal.antiquity.ac.uk\/projgall\/jeunesse342. Accessed June 30 2015. (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Arch\u00e4ologische Perspektiven","author":"Gronenborn D","year":"2003","unstructured":"D Gronenborn, Der ,J\u00e4ger\/Krieger\u2019 aus Schwanfeld. Einige Aspekte der politisch-sozialen Geschichte des mitteleurop\u00e4ischen Altneolithikums. Arch\u00e4ologische Perspektiven, eds J Eckert, U Eisenhauer, A Zimmermann (Marie Leidorf, Rahden, Germany), pp. 35\u201348, German. (2003)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Fr\u00fche Spuren der Gewalt","author":"Petrasch J","year":"2006","unstructured":"J Petrasch, Gewaltt\u00e4tigkeiten in der Steinzeit \u2013 Arch\u00e4ologisch-kulturgeschichtliche Analysen zur Ermittlung ihrer H\u00e4ufigkeiten. Fr\u00fche Spuren der Gewalt, eds J Piek, T Terberger (Landesamt f\u00fcr Kultur und Denkmalpflege, Schwerin, Germany), pp. 155\u2013162 (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Das Massengrab von Wiederstedt, Ldkr. Mansfelder Land. Auswertung und Gedanken zur Deutung im Kontext der Linienbandkeramik","volume":"88","author":"Meyer C","year":"2004","unstructured":"C Meyer, O K\u00fcrbis, KW Alt, Das Massengrab von Wiederstedt, Ldkr. Mansfelder Land. Auswertung und Gedanken zur Deutung im Kontext der Linienbandkeramik. Jahresschrift f\u00fcr mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte 88, 31\u201366 (2004).","journal-title":"Jahresschrift f\u00fcr mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0065-001X.2004.00014.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","unstructured":"G Schwitalla KM Schmitt Ein Massengrab aus der Umgehungsstra\u00dfe oder \u201cAus der Linearbandkeramik ist alles bekannt.\u201d hessenArch\u00e4ologie 2006:31\u201332. (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","unstructured":"C Lohr Arch\u00e4ologische und anthropologische Untersuchungen des Massengrabes von Sch\u00f6neck-Kilianst\u00e4dten (Main-Kinzig-Kreis Hessen). Masters thesis (University of Mainz Mainz Germany). (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","volume-title":"Zur bandkeramischen Besiedlung im unteren Niddertal","author":"Ramminger B","year":"2003","unstructured":"B Ramminger Zur bandkeramischen Besiedlung im unteren Niddertal (Habelt, Bonn, 2003)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","volume-title":"Hanau-Mittelbuchen. Siedlung und Erdwerk der bandkeramischen Kultur","author":"Kerig T","year":"2008","unstructured":"T Kerig Hanau-Mittelbuchen. Siedlung und Erdwerk der bandkeramischen Kultur (Habelt, Bonn, 2008)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","volume-title":"The Human Bone Manual","author":"White TD","year":"2005","unstructured":"TD White, PA Folkens The Human Bone Manual (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","first-page":"421","volume-title":"Anthropologie. Handbuch der vergleichenden Biologie des Menschen I\/1","author":"Szilv\u00e1ssy J","year":"1988","unstructured":"J Szilv\u00e1ssy, Altersdiagnose am Skelett. Anthropologie. Handbuch der vergleichenden Biologie des Menschen I\/1, ed R Knu\u00dfmann (Fischer, Stuttgart), pp. 421\u2013443 (1988)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","volume-title":"Spuren von Mangelerkrankungen an steinzeitlichen Kinderskeleten","author":"Carli-Thiele P","year":"1996","unstructured":"P Carli-Thiele Spuren von Mangelerkrankungen an steinzeitlichen Kinderskeleten (Erich Goltze, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany, 1996)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","first-page":"49","volume-title":"Warfare, Violence and Slavery in Prehistory","author":"Kn\u00fcsel CJ","year":"2005","unstructured":"CJ Kn\u00fcsel, The physical evidence of warfare \u2013 subtle stigmata? Warfare, Violence and Slavery in Prehistory, eds M Parker Pearson, IJN Thorpe (Archaeopress, Oxford, UK), pp. 49\u201365 (2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22137"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","first-page":"277","volume-title":"Advances in Forensic Taphonomy","author":"Schmitt S","year":"2002","unstructured":"S Schmitt, Mass graves and the collection of forensic evidence: Genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Advances in Forensic Taphonomy, eds WD Haglund, MH Sorg (CRC, Boca Raton, FL), pp. 277\u2013292 (2002)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","first-page":"174","volume-title":"Handbook of Forensic Archaeology and Anthropology","author":"Byrd J","year":"2009","unstructured":"J Byrd, BJ Adams, Analysis of commingled human remains. Handbook of Forensic Archaeology and Anthropology, eds S Blau, DH Ubelaker (Left Coast, Walnut Creek, CA), pp. 174\u2013186 (2009)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaa.2009.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","volume-title":"War Before Civilization","author":"Keeley LH","year":"1996","unstructured":"LH Keeley War Before Civilization (Oxford Univ Press, New York, 1996)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jaar.1997.0315"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","first-page":"127","volume-title":"The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict","author":"Fibiger L","year":"2014","unstructured":"L Fibiger, Misplaced childhood? Interpersonal violence and children in Neolithic Europe. The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict, eds C Kn\u00fcsel, MJ Smith (Routledge, London), pp. 127\u2013145 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1461957114Y.0000000052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Der Tod in der j\u00fcngeren Bandkeramik. Das Gr\u00e4berfeld von Schwetzingen","volume":"36","author":"Gerling C","year":"2007","unstructured":"C Gerling, Der Tod in der j\u00fcngeren Bandkeramik. Das Gr\u00e4berfeld von Schwetzingen. Denkmalpflege in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 36, 159\u2013163 (2007).","journal-title":"Denkmalpflege in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/387360a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","first-page":"281","volume-title":"Early Farmers","author":"Schulting RJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"RJ Schulting, L Fibiger, Violence in Neolithic North-west Europe. A population perspective. Early Farmers, eds A Whittle, P Bickle (Oxford Univ Press, Oxford, UK), pp. 281\u2013306 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22192"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","first-page":"195","article-title":"Verwandtschaftsanalyse der Skelettreste aus dem bandkeramischen Massengrab von Talheim, Kreis Heilbronn","volume":"20","author":"Alt KW","year":"1995","unstructured":"KW Alt, W Vach, J Wahl, Verwandtschaftsanalyse der Skelettreste aus dem bandkeramischen Massengrab von Talheim, Kreis Heilbronn. Fundberichte aus Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg 20, 195\u2013217 (1995).","journal-title":"Fundberichte aus Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1127\/anthranz\/2014\/0450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","volume-title":"Constant Battles. Why We Fight","author":"LeBlanc SA","year":"2003","unstructured":"SA LeBlanc, KE Register Constant Battles. Why We Fight (St. Martin\u2019s, New York, 2003)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0032472042000224422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Early Farmers","author":"Brandt G","year":"2014","unstructured":"G Brandt, , Settlement burials at the Karsdorf LBK site, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Early Farmers, eds A Whittle, P Bickle (Oxford Univ Press, Oxford, UK), pp. 95\u2013114 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Theoretical and Methodological Considerations in Central European Neolithic Archaeology","author":"Meyer C","year":"2012","unstructured":"C Meyer, R Ganslmeier, V Dresely, KW Alt, New approaches to the reconstruction of kinship and social structure based on bioarchaeological analysis of Neolithic multiple and collective graves. Theoretical and Methodological Considerations in Central European Neolithic Archaeology, eds J Kol\u00e1\u0159, F Trampota (Archaeopress, Oxford, UK), pp. 11\u201323 (2012)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict","author":"Kn\u00fcsel C","year":"2014","unstructured":"C Kn\u00fcsel, MJ Smith, Introduction. The bioarchaeology of conflict. The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict, eds C Kn\u00fcsel, MJ Smith (Routledge, London), pp. 3\u201324 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","first-page":"641","volume-title":"The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict","author":"Ferllini R","year":"2014","unstructured":"R Ferllini, Recent conflicts, deaths and simple technologies. The Rwandan case. The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict, eds C Kn\u00fcsel, MJ Smith (Routledge, London), pp. 641\u2013655 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/9789047418924_003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaa.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpp.2012.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420009118"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/524761"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199858996.003.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","unstructured":"ML Golitko Warfare and Alliance Building during the Belgian Early Neolithic Late Sixth Millennium BC. PhD thesis (University of Illinois Chicago). (2010)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","volume-title":"Austauschsysteme von Silexartefakten in der Bandkeramik Mitteleuropas","author":"Zimmermann A","year":"1995","unstructured":"A Zimmermann Austauschsysteme von Silexartefakten in der Bandkeramik Mitteleuropas (Habelt, Bonn, 1995)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","volume-title":"Bandkeramik zwischen Rhein, Weser und Main","author":"Kneipp J","year":"1998","unstructured":"J Kneipp Bandkeramik zwischen Rhein, Weser und Main (Habelt, Bonn, 1998)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","volume-title":"La C\u00e9ramique du Ruban\u00e9 en Alsace","author":"Lefranc P","year":"2007","unstructured":"P Lefranc La C\u00e9ramique du Ruban\u00e9 en Alsace (Universit\u00e9 Marc-Bloch, Strasbourg, France, 2007)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","first-page":"475","volume-title":"The Spread of the Neolithic to Central Europe","author":"Kerig T","year":"2010","unstructured":"T Kerig, Grenzen ziehen: Zur Chronologie regionaler und sozialer Unterschiede im hessischen Altneolithikum. The Spread of the Neolithic to Central Europe, eds D Gronenborn, J Petrasch (R\u00f6misch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz, Germany), pp. 475\u2013486 (2010)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0703073104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1419133112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Troubled Times","author":"Ember CR","year":"1997","unstructured":"CR Ember, M Ember, Violence in the ethnographic record: Results of cross-cultural research on war and aggression. Troubled Times, eds DL Martin, DW Frayer (Overseas Publishers Association, Amsterdam), pp. 1\u201320 (1997)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","first-page":"656","volume-title":"The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict","author":"Kn\u00fcsel C","year":"2014","unstructured":"C Kn\u00fcsel, MJ Smith, The osteology of conflict. What does it all mean? The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict, eds C Kn\u00fcsel, MJ Smith (Routledge, London), pp. 656\u2013694 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","volume-title":"Prehistoric Warfare on the Great Plains. Skeletal Analysis of the Crow Creek Massacre Victims","author":"Willey P","year":"1990","unstructured":"P Willey Prehistoric Warfare on the Great Plains. Skeletal Analysis of the Crow Creek Massacre Victims (Garland Publishing, New York, 1990)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjc\/azq076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"War in the Tribal Zone","author":"Ferguson RB","year":"1992","unstructured":"RB Ferguson, NL Whitehead, The violent edge of empire. War in the Tribal Zone, eds RB Ferguson, NL Whitehead (SAR, Santa Fe, NM), pp. 1\u201330 (1992)."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1504365112","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T11:51:35Z","timestamp":1718020295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1504365112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"36","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1504365112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1504365112","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-08-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}