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Here, we describe the properties of a 47-nucleotide high-risk haplotype of three SNPs within an intergenic \u201csuper-enhancer\u201d located between the\n                    <jats:italic>HLA-DRB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes, localized by a genome-wide association study of 2,853 subjects with vitiligo. Monocytes from healthy subjects homozygous for the high-risk haplotype have increased surface expression of HLA-DR and -DQ, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from high-risk subjects produce more IL-1\u03b2 and IFN-\u03b3 upon engagement of dectin-1, mannose, and Toll-like receptors. This study underscores the importance of transcriptional regulation of\n                    <jats:italic>HLA<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes to the risk of developing an autoimmune disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1523482113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]],"date-time":"2016-02-02T15:22:15Z","timestamp":1454426535000},"page":"1363-1368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["MHC class II super-enhancer increases surface expression of HLA-DR and HLA-DQ and affects cytokine production in autoimmune vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Giulio","family":"Cavalli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;"},{"name":"Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Yorgov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Santorico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;"},{"name":"Department of Mathematical &amp; Statistical Science, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80217;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cherie","family":"Holcomb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA 94588;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"Rastrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA 94588;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Erlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA 94588;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isak W.","family":"Tengesdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Dagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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