{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T08:50:38Z","timestamp":1792399838478,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,25]],"date-time":"2016-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":182,"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/preview_site\/misc\/userlicense.xhtml"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN272201400006C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201400006C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Influenza pandemics occur several times per century, causing millions of deaths. For one of the myriad of zoonotic influenza viruses to do so, a virus containing a hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigen previously unseen by most humans must evolve the necessary, albeit largely unknown, properties for sustained respiratory spread between people. During entry, the prototypic viral fusion protein HA binds receptors and is triggered irreversibly by low pH in endosomes to cause membrane fusion. These studies link a fundamental property, activation energy of a fusion protein measured as its pH of activation (acid stability), to the ability of zoonotic influenza viruses to cause a human pandemic. Monitoring HA stability is expected to enhance prepandemic surveillance and control of emerging influenza viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1524384113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]],"date-time":"2016-01-25T23:24:06Z","timestamp":1453764246000},"page":"1636-1641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["Molecular requirements for a pandemic influenza virus: An acid-stable hemagglutinin protein"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Marion","family":"Russier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerold E.","family":"Rehg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sook-San","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba H.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8960-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas P.","family":"Fabrizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subrata","family":"Barman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Krauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G.","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Webby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology &amp; Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles J.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology &amp; Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/8703-031609-Review.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R Elderfield W Barclay Influenza pandemics. Adv Exp Med Biol 719:81\u2013103. (2011).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-0204-6_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08157"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08182"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399410001705"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10831"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.69.1.531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003151"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1136212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0904252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.007823"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02430-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(81)90201-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00697-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"93","article-title":"Acid-induced membrane fusion by the hemagglutinin protein and its role in influenza virus biology","volume":"385","author":"Russell CJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"CJ Russell, Acid-induced membrane fusion by the hemagglutinin protein and its role in influenza virus biology. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 385, 93\u2013116 (2014).","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.2.911-919.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002398"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.18.9954-9964.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02069-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01175-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03110-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.050526-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1213362"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-006-0861-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DB Jacoby J Tamaoki DB Borson JA Nadel Influenza infection causes airway hyperresponsiveness by decreasing enkephalinase. J Appl Physiol ( 1985 ) 64(6):2653\u20132658. (1988).","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.6.2653"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003831"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/currents.RRN1162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111000108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.352"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002443"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.040535-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05794-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01107-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2010.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03607-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02231-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205576109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1189132"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/syndication\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.1524384113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1524384113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T01:43:09Z","timestamp":1649814189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1524384113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1524384113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1524384113","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-01-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}