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Here we first used this technology in patients with PTSD. Participants were 9 victims of the Tokyo subway sarin attack with PTSD and 16 matched victims of the same traumatic event without PTSD. The voxel-based morphometry showed a significant gray-matter volume reduction in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in trauma survivors with PTSD compared with those without PTSD. The severity of the disorder was negatively correlated with the gray-matter volume of the left ACC in PTSD subjects. There were no significant differences in other gray-matter regions or any of the white-matter regions between two groups. The present study demonstrates evidence for structural abnormalities of ACC in patients with PTSD. Together with previous functional neuroimaging studies showing a dysfunction of this region, the present findings provide further support for the important role of ACC, which is pivotally involved in attention, emotional regulation, and conditioned fear, in the pathology of PTSD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1530467100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,22]],"date-time":"2003-07-22T15:39:06Z","timestamp":1058888346000},"page":"9039-9043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":330,"title":["Voxel-based analysis of MRI reveals anterior cingulate gray-matter volume reduction in posttraumatic stress disorder due to terrorism"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Yamasue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry and Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, and Health Service Center, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; 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