{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:01:25Z","timestamp":1791615685140,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"29","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To respond better to evolving pathogens, sudden outbreaks, and individual patient needs, a flexible, safe, and efficient vaccine platform amenable to rapid production near the point of care is required. To this end, we created a fully synthetic, single-dose, adjuvant-free nanoparticle vaccine platform wherein modified dendrimer molecules nanoencapsulate antigen-expressing replicon mRNAs. Vaccines can be multiplexed and formed with multiple antigen-expressing replicons. After a single immunization, the rapid-production, contaminant-free vaccines elicit vital CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T-cell and antibody responses that fully protect against lethal exposures to several deadly pathogens, including Ebola virus, H1N1 influenza, and\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We believe this technology may allow for rapid-response vaccines with broad efficacy that reduce the number and frequency of vaccinations, and healthcare worker burden.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1600299113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]],"date-time":"2016-07-05T22:50:23Z","timestamp":1467759023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":398,"title":["Dendrimer-RNA nanoparticles generate protective immunity against lethal Ebola, H1N1 influenza, and\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\n                    challenges with a single dose"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Jasdave S.","family":"Chahal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar F.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine S.","family":"McPartlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan K.","family":"Tsosie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas D.","family":"Tilley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saima M.","family":"Sidik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5237-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Lourido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Langer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"},{"name":"Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"},{"name":"Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Bavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidde L.","family":"Ploegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel G.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"},{"name":"Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702;"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"},{"name":"Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;"},{"name":"Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(03)00016-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156720106776359249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024517"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00172-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.06.065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.01.116"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.12854"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/282913"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.11.9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines2030654"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762009000200018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.11.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","volume-title":"Vaccines","author":"Plotkin SA","year":"2012","unstructured":"SA Plotkin, WA Orenstein, PA Offit Vaccines (Elsevier, 6th Ed, Amsterdam, 2012).","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1402981111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.739"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1635"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/356152a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.24.11478"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004414"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir334"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3302213"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2436"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.25181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2014.133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2013.54"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu522"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1209367109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.19.10394-10403.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2015.965690"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.04.060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(93)90190-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2012.202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.8.3706-3718.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01282-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Ribonucleases, Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology","author":"D\u2019Alessio G","year":"2011","unstructured":"G D\u2019Alessio, The superfamily of vertebrate-secreted ribonucleases. Ribonucleases, Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology, ed AW Nicholson (Springer, Heidelberg), pp. 1\u201334 (2011)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2015.103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2012.7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn9012274"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00271-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80263-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq1028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkj471"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5277"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-013-0161-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201408221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl5048972"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Polymer Therapeutics I, Advances in Polymer Science","author":"Duncan R","year":"2006","unstructured":"R Duncan, H Ringsdorf, R Satchi-Fainaro, Polymer therapeutics: Polymers as drugs, drug and protein conjugates and gene delivery systems: Past, present and future opportunities. Polymer Therapeutics I, Advances in Polymer Science, eds R Satchi-Fainaro, R Duncan (Springer, Berlin) Vol 192, 1\u20138 (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","unstructured":"; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIAID Emerging Infectious Diseases\/Pathogens. Available at https:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/topics\/biodefenserelated\/biodefense\/pages\/cata.aspx. Accessed June 14 2016. (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.04.083"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00071-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/124.5.449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02106-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.07.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-1669(00)00197-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.12.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.25159"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.16.7297"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22267"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0911587107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830211136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm813"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.04.059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361739a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/10548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12637"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089735"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-012-1594-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2013.844652"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-11-417"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-7-200304010-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2015.957685"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-009-0374-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093620"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310175200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1132998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)69008-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-0699"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-2957"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu522"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.14.7305"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(97)00128-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2006.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp100208f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200001)30:1<1::AID-IMMU1>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10430349950016762"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cgt.7701072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05128"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2013.26"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0b013e31815ce501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0b013e3181a00068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2010.289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2011.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v7052321"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp400190z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2011.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2013.228"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/15.20.8125"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1291-1356"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5458.1664"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100450"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1612792113","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471824000000}}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1600299113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T01:15:06Z","timestamp":1649812506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1600299113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"29","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1600299113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1600299113","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.726487211.793560191","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-07-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}