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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Differences among individuals and species originate from changes to the genome. Yet our knowledge of the principles that might allow prediction of the effects of any particular mutation is limited. One such prediction might be that duplicating a gene would double the gene\u2019s output. We show that this is actually not the case in\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    flies. Instead, in almost all of the cases we tested (using a naturally occurring and an artificially constructed tandem duplicate gene), we observed that the output of the duplicated genes was greater than double the output of single copies\u2014as much as five times greater. This finding suggests that tandem duplicate genes could have disproportionate effects when they occur.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605886113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,10]],"date-time":"2016-05-10T00:09:33Z","timestamp":1462838973000},"page":"5988-5992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Expression of tandem gene duplicates is often greater than twofold"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"David W.","family":"Loehlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706;"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell &amp; Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean B.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706;"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell &amp; Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/144.4.1559","article-title":"Molecular dissection of a major gene effect on a quantitative trait: The level of alcohol dehydrogenase expression in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"144","author":"Stam LF","year":"1996","unstructured":"LF Stam, CC Laurie, Molecular dissection of a major gene effect on a quantitative trait: The level of alcohol dehydrogenase expression in Drosophila melanogaster. 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