{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:38:07Z","timestamp":1792679887719,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neurotrophic factors are endogenous survival factors for developing neurons during their programmed cell death, and represent therapeutic candidates in several neurodegenerative diseases. Studies in the developing spinal cord suggest that neurotrophic factors promote the survival of motor neurons in a combinatorial manner. To better understand this, we systematically assayed pairwise combinations of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) on highly standardized motor neuron cultures prepared by a unique FACS technique. Our data unravel potent additivity of three neurotrophic factors due to their specific survival effects on distinct classes of motor neurons innervating different targets. Further analyses are required to better understand combinatorial NTF effects in adulthood and to define optimized NTF combinations for degenerative motor neuron diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1615372114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]],"date-time":"2017-03-07T21:10:33Z","timestamp":1488921033000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Novel combinatorial screening identifies neurotrophic factors for selective classes of motor neurons"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Schaller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doroth\u00e9e","family":"Buttigieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alysson","family":"Alory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Jacquier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Barad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), CNRS, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Merchant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Gentien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Curie, Translational Research Department, Genomic Platform, PSL Research University, 75248 Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"de la Grange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenoSplice Technology, Institut du Cerveau et de la Mo\u00eblle (ICM), H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Haase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","volume-title":"Body and Brain: A Trophic Theory of Neural Development","author":"Purves D","year":"1986","unstructured":"D Purves Body and Brain: A Trophic Theory of Neural Development (Harvard Univ Press, Cambridge, MA, 1986)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The developmental history of the motor neuron. The F.O. Schmitt lecture in neuroscience","volume":"15","author":"Hamburger V","year":"1977","unstructured":"V Hamburger, The developmental history of the motor neuron. The F.O. Schmitt lecture in neuroscience. Neurosci Res Program Bull 15, 1\u201337 (1977).","journal-title":"Neurosci Res Program Bull"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858408324787","article-title":"Neurotrophic modulation of motor neuron development","volume":"15","author":"Gould TW","year":"2009","unstructured":"TW Gould, H Enomoto, Neurotrophic modulation of motor neuron development. Neuroscientist 15, 105\u2013116 (2009).","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.051508.135722","article-title":"Motor neuron diversity in development and disease","volume":"33","author":"Kanning KC","year":"2010","unstructured":"KC Kanning, A Kaplan, CE Henderson, Motor neuron diversity in development and disease. Annu Rev Neurosci 33, 409\u2013440 (2010).","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2008.01.001","article-title":"Transgenics, toxicity and therapeutics in rodent models of mutant SOD1-mediated familial ALS","volume":"85","author":"Turner BJ","year":"2008","unstructured":"BJ Turner, K Talbot, Transgenics, toxicity and therapeutics in rodent models of mutant SOD1-mediated familial ALS. Prog Neurobiol 85, 94\u2013134 (2008).","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/39593","article-title":"Severe neuropathies in mice with targeted mutations in the ErbB3 receptor","volume":"389","author":"Riethmacher D","year":"1997","unstructured":"D Riethmacher, , Severe neuropathies in mice with targeted mutations in the ErbB3 receptor. Nature 389, 725\u2013730 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1997.8859","article-title":"Muscle-specific cell ablation conditional upon Cre-mediated DNA recombination in transgenic mice leads to massive spinal and cranial motoneuron loss","volume":"197","author":"Grieshammer U","year":"1998","unstructured":"U Grieshammer, M Lewandoski, D Prevette, RW Oppenheim, GR Martin, Muscle-specific cell ablation conditional upon Cre-mediated DNA recombination in transgenic mice leads to massive spinal and cranial motoneuron loss. Dev Biol 197, 234\u2013247 (1998).","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","first-page":"2769","article-title":"Mice lacking IGF-I and LIF have motoneuron deficits in brain stem nuclei","volume":"15","author":"Vicario-Abej\u00f3n C","year":"2004","unstructured":"C Vicario-Abej\u00f3n, C Fern\u00e1ndez-Moreno, JG Pichel, F de Pablo, Mice lacking IGF-I and LIF have motoneuron deficits in brain stem nuclei. Neuroreport 15, 2769\u20132772 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4249-04.2005","article-title":"Triple knock-out of CNTF, LIF, and CT-1 defines cooperative and distinct roles of these neurotrophic factors for motoneuron maintenance and function","volume":"25","author":"Holtmann B","year":"2005","unstructured":"B Holtmann, , Triple knock-out of CNTF, LIF, and CT-1 defines cooperative and distinct roles of these neurotrophic factors for motoneuron maintenance and function. J Neurosci 25, 1778\u20131787 (2005).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01025.x","article-title":"Quantitative comparison of the transient rescue effects of neurotrophic factors on axotomized motoneurons in vivo","volume":"7","author":"Vejsada R","year":"1995","unstructured":"R Vejsada, Y Sagot, AC Kato, Quantitative comparison of the transient rescue effects of neurotrophic factors on axotomized motoneurons in vivo. Eur J Neurosci 7, 108\u2013115 (1995).","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-04-01440.1998","article-title":"Synergistic effects of Schwann- and muscle-derived factors on motoneuron survival involve GDNF and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1)","volume":"18","author":"Arce V","year":"1998","unstructured":"V Arce, , Synergistic effects of Schwann- and muscle-derived factors on motoneuron survival involve GDNF and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1). J Neurosci 18, 1440\u20131448 (1998).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8066451","article-title":"Arrest of motor neuron disease in wobbler mice cotreated with CNTF and BDNF","volume":"265","author":"Mitsumoto H","year":"1994","unstructured":"H Mitsumoto, , Arrest of motor neuron disease in wobbler mice cotreated with CNTF and BDNF. Science 265, 1107\u20131110 (1994).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0497-429","article-title":"Gene therapy of murine motor neuron disease using adenoviral vectors for neurotrophic factors","volume":"3","author":"Haase G","year":"1997","unstructured":"G Haase, , Gene therapy of murine motor neuron disease using adenoviral vectors for neurotrophic factors. Nat Med 3, 429\u2013436 (1997).","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00835-8","article-title":"Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into motor neurons","volume":"110","author":"Wichterle H","year":"2002","unstructured":"H Wichterle, I Lieberam, JA Porter, TM Jessell, Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into motor neurons. Cell 110, 385\u2013397 (2002).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1999.9413","article-title":"Patterns of programmed cell death in populations of developing spinal motoneurons in chicken, mouse, and rat","volume":"214","author":"Yamamoto Y","year":"1999","unstructured":"Y Yamamoto, CE Henderson, Patterns of programmed cell death in populations of developing spinal motoneurons in chicken, mouse, and rat. Dev Biol 214, 60\u201371 (1999).","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1186","article-title":"Statistical practice in high-throughput screening data analysis","volume":"24","author":"Malo N","year":"2006","unstructured":"N Malo, JA Hanley, S Cerquozzi, J Pelletier, R Nadon, Statistical practice in high-throughput screening data analysis. Nat Biotechnol 24, 167\u2013175 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0070-2153(09)88006-X","article-title":"Hox networks and the origins of motor neuron diversity","volume":"88","author":"Dasen JS","year":"2009","unstructured":"JS Dasen, TM Jessell, Hox networks and the origins of motor neuron diversity. Curr Top Dev Biol 88, 169\u2013200 (2009).","journal-title":"Curr Top Dev Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.06.025","article-title":"Coordinated actions of the forkhead protein Foxp1 and Hox proteins in the columnar organization of spinal motor neurons","volume":"59","author":"Rousso DL","year":"2008","unstructured":"DL Rousso, ZB Gaber, D Wellik, EE Morrisey, BG Novitch, Coordinated actions of the forkhead protein Foxp1 and Hox proteins in the columnar organization of spinal motor neurons. Neuron 59, 226\u2013240 (2008).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.09.076","article-title":"Dynamic expression of the Onecut transcription factors HNF-6, OC-2 and OC-3 during spinal motor neuron development","volume":"165","author":"Francius C","year":"2010","unstructured":"C Francius, F Clotman, Dynamic expression of the Onecut transcription factors HNF-6, OC-2 and OC-3 during spinal motor neuron development. Neuroscience 165, 116\u2013129 (2010).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2014.03.008","article-title":"Evolving Hox activity profiles govern diversity in locomotor systems","volume":"29","author":"Jung H","year":"2014","unstructured":"H Jung, , Evolving Hox activity profiles govern diversity in locomotor systems. Dev Cell 29, 171\u2013187 (2014).","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7681218","article-title":"Released form of CNTF receptor alpha component as a soluble mediator of CNTF responses","volume":"259","author":"Davis S","year":"1993","unstructured":"S Davis, , Released form of CNTF receptor alpha component as a soluble mediator of CNTF responses. Science 259, 1736\u20131739 (1993).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-3247","article-title":"EMD 1214063 and EMD 1204831 constitute a new class of potent and highly selective c-Met inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Bladt F","year":"2013","unstructured":"F Bladt, , EMD 1214063 and EMD 1204831 constitute a new class of potent and highly selective c-Met inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 19, 2941\u20132951 (2013).","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.15.2903","article-title":"Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF\/SF) is a muscle-derived survival factor for a subpopulation of embryonic motoneurons","volume":"124","author":"Yamamoto Y","year":"1997","unstructured":"Y Yamamoto, , Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF\/SF) is a muscle-derived survival factor for a subpopulation of embryonic motoneurons. Development 124, 2903\u20132913 (1997).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1648265","article-title":"The receptor for ciliary neurotrophic factor","volume":"253","author":"Davis S","year":"1991","unstructured":"S Davis, , The receptor for ciliary neurotrophic factor. Science 253, 59\u201363 (1991).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201009136","article-title":"Heparan sulfate proteoglycan Syndecan-3 is a novel receptor for GDNF, Neurturin, and Artemin","volume":"192","author":"Bespalov MM","year":"2011","unstructured":"MM Bespalov, , Heparan sulfate proteoglycan Syndecan-3 is a novel receptor for GDNF, Neurturin, and Artemin. J Cell Biol 192, 153\u2013169 (2011).","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80649-2","article-title":"Artemin, a novel member of the GDNF ligand family, supports peripheral and central neurons and signals through the GFRalpha3-RET receptor complex","volume":"21","author":"Baloh RH","year":"1998","unstructured":"RH Baloh, , Artemin, a novel member of the GDNF ligand family, supports peripheral and central neurons and signals through the GFRalpha3-RET receptor complex. Neuron 21, 1291\u20131302 (1998).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80247-0","article-title":"Hepatocyte growth factor\/scatter factor is an axonal chemoattractant and a neurotrophic factor for spinal motor neurons","volume":"17","author":"Ebens A","year":"1996","unstructured":"A Ebens, , Hepatocyte growth factor\/scatter factor is an axonal chemoattractant and a neurotrophic factor for spinal motor neurons. Neuron 17, 1157\u20131172 (1996).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.123.1.223","article-title":"Scatter factor\/hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor, the c-met tyrosine kinase, can mediate a signal exchange between mesenchyme and epithelia during mouse development","volume":"123","author":"Sonnenberg E","year":"1993","unstructured":"E Sonnenberg, D Meyer, KM Weidner, C Birchmeier, Scatter factor\/hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor, the c-met tyrosine kinase, can mediate a signal exchange between mesenchyme and epithelia during mouse development. J Cell Biol 123, 223\u2013235 (1993).","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6537","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-15-06537.2002","article-title":"Overexpression of HGF retards disease progression and prolongs life span in a transgenic mouse model of ALS","volume":"22","author":"Sun W","year":"2002","unstructured":"W Sun, H Funakoshi, T Nakamura, Overexpression of HGF retards disease progression and prolongs life span in a transgenic mouse model of ALS. J Neurosci 22, 6537\u20136548 (2002).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3953","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-10-03953.2002","article-title":"Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor promotes the survival of early postnatal spinal motor neurons in the lateral and medial motor columns in slice culture","volume":"22","author":"Rakowicz WP","year":"2002","unstructured":"WP Rakowicz, CS Staples, J Milbrandt, JE Brunstrom, Jr EM Johnson, Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor promotes the survival of early postnatal spinal motor neurons in the lateral and medial motor columns in slice culture. J Neurosci 22, 3953\u20133962 (2002).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00774-2","article-title":"Artemin is a vascular-derived neurotropic factor for developing sympathetic neurons","volume":"35","author":"Honma Y","year":"2002","unstructured":"Y Honma, , Artemin is a vascular-derived neurotropic factor for developing sympathetic neurons. Neuron 35, 267\u2013282 (2002).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(19990101)254:1<53::AID-AR7>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Endogenous lectin (RL-29) expression of the autonomic preganglionic neurons in the rat spinal cord","volume":"254","author":"Park MJ","year":"1999","unstructured":"MJ Park, K Chung, Endogenous lectin (RL-29) expression of the autonomic preganglionic neurons in the rat spinal cord. Anat Rec 254, 53\u201360 (1999).","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2015.00043","article-title":"Peripheral injury of pelvic visceral sensory nerves alters GFR\u03b1 (GDNF family receptor alpha) localization in sensory and autonomic pathways of the sacral spinal cord","volume":"9","author":"Forrest SL","year":"2015","unstructured":"SL Forrest, SC Payne, JR Keast, PB Osborne, Peripheral injury of pelvic visceral sensory nerves alters GFR\u03b1 (GDNF family receptor alpha) localization in sensory and autonomic pathways of the sacral spinal cord. Front Neuroanat 9, 43 (2015).","journal-title":"Front Neuroanat"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230490431475","article-title":"The candidate neuroprotective agent Artemin induces autonomic neural dysplasia without preventing peripheral nerve dysfunction","volume":"32","author":"Bolon B","year":"2004","unstructured":"B Bolon, , The candidate neuroprotective agent Artemin induces autonomic neural dysplasia without preventing peripheral nerve dysfunction. Toxicol Pathol 32, 275\u2013294 (2004).","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.123000","article-title":"Identification and characterization of cholest-4-en-3-one, oxime (TRO19622), a novel drug candidate for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"322","author":"Bordet T","year":"2007","unstructured":"T Bordet, , Identification and characterization of cholest-4-en-3-one, oxime (TRO19622), a novel drug candidate for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 322, 709\u2013720 (2007).","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.04.003","article-title":"A small molecule screen in stem-cell-derived motor neurons identifies a kinase inhibitor as a candidate therapeutic for ALS","volume":"12","author":"Yang YM","year":"2013","unstructured":"YM Yang, , A small molecule screen in stem-cell-derived motor neurons identifies a kinase inhibitor as a candidate therapeutic for ALS. Cell Stem Cell 12, 713\u2013726 (2013).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2015.04.009","article-title":"209th ENMC International Workshop: Outcome Measures and Clinical Trial Readiness in Spinal Muscular Atrophy 7-9 November 2014, Heemskerk, The Netherlands","volume":"25","author":"Finkel R","year":"2015","unstructured":"R Finkel, E Bertini, F Muntoni, E Mercuri, 209th ENMC International Workshop: Outcome Measures and Clinical Trial Readiness in Spinal Muscular Atrophy 7-9 November 2014, Heemskerk, The Netherlands. Neuromuscul Disord 25, 593\u2013602 (2015).","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12344","article-title":"A phase II-III trial of olesoxime in subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"21","author":"Lenglet T","year":"2014","unstructured":"T Lenglet, , A phase II-III trial of olesoxime in subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Neurol; Mitotarget study group 21, 529\u2013536 (2014).","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.12.018","article-title":"Direct lineage reprogramming reveals disease-specific phenotypes of motor neurons from human ALS patients","volume":"14","author":"Liu ML","year":"2016","unstructured":"ML Liu, T Zang, CL Zhang, Direct lineage reprogramming reveals disease-specific phenotypes of motor neurons from human ALS patients. Cell Reports 14, 115\u2013128 (2016).","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2010.10.003","article-title":"Motor neuron trophic factors: Therapeutic use in ALS?","volume":"67","author":"Gould TW","year":"2011","unstructured":"TW Gould, RW Oppenheim, Motor neuron trophic factors: Therapeutic use in ALS? Brain Res Brain Res Rev 67, 1\u201339 (2011).","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/358502a0","article-title":"Ciliary neurotrophic factor prevents degeneration of motor neurons in mouse mutant progressive motor neuronopathy","volume":"358","author":"Sendtner M","year":"1992","unstructured":"M Sendtner, , Ciliary neurotrophic factor prevents degeneration of motor neurons in mouse mutant progressive motor neuronopathy. Nature 358, 502\u2013504 (1992).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg143","article-title":"Therapeutic benefits of cardiotrophin-1 gene transfer in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy","volume":"12","author":"Lesbordes JC","year":"2003","unstructured":"JC Lesbordes, , Therapeutic benefits of cardiotrophin-1 gene transfer in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 12, 1233\u20131239 (2003).","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.02.013","article-title":"Motor neurons with differential vulnerability to degeneration show distinct protein signatures in health and ALS","volume":"291","author":"Comley L","year":"2015","unstructured":"L Comley, , Motor neurons with differential vulnerability to degeneration show distinct protein signatures in health and ALS. Neuroscience 291, 216\u2013229 (2015).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1789","article-title":"IGF-I specifically enhances axon outgrowth of corticospinal motor neurons","volume":"9","author":"Ozdinler PH","year":"2006","unstructured":"PH Ozdinler, JD Macklis, IGF-I specifically enhances axon outgrowth of corticospinal motor neurons. Nat Neurosci 9, 1371\u20131381 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.184","article-title":"The phenotypic variability of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Swinnen B","year":"2014","unstructured":"B Swinnen, W Robberecht, The phenotypic variability of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 10, 661\u2013670 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00905-4","article-title":"Motoneuron death triggered by a specific pathway downstream of Fas: Potentiation by ALS-linked SOD1 mutations","volume":"35","author":"Raoul C","year":"2002","unstructured":"C Raoul, , Motoneuron death triggered by a specific pathway downstream of Fas: Potentiation by ALS-linked SOD1 mutations. Neuron 35, 1067\u20131083 (2002).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.06.011","article-title":"Modeling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in pure human iPSc-derived motor neurons isolated by a novel FACS double selection technique","volume":"82","author":"Toli D","year":"2015","unstructured":"D Toli, , Modeling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in pure human iPSc-derived motor neurons isolated by a novel FACS double selection technique. Neurobiol Dis 82, 269\u2013280 (2015).","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1615372114","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T11:49:02Z","timestamp":1654602542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1615372114"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1615372114"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1615372114","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-03-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}