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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The role of GSK3 in axon regeneration is controversial. Whereas increased GSK3 activity accelerates peripheral nerve regeneration, it shows the opposite effect in the CNS. Moreover, KO\/knockdown of GSK3\u03b2 in growth-stimulated retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was disinhibitory and potentiated optic nerve regeneration. This dichotomy was the result of a GSK3-dependent and CNS-specific inhibition of axonal CRMP2, which compromised RGCs\u2019 ability for axon growth. As GSK3 inhibition, neuronal expression of constitutively active CRMP2 (CRMP2\n                    <jats:sup>T\/A<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) potentiated optic nerve regeneration and, strikingly, unmasked an axon growth-promoting effect of active GSK3 as in peripheral nerves. 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