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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>People often ignore material costs they incur when following existing social norms. Some individuals and groups are often willing to pay extremely high costs to enact, defend, or promulgate specific values and norms that they consider important. Such behaviors, often decreasing biological fitness, represent an evolutionary puzzle. We study theoretically the evolutionary origins of human capacity to internalize and follow social norms. We focus on two general types of collective actions our ancestors were regularly involved in: cooperation to overcome nature\u2019s challenges and conflicts with neighboring groups. We show that norm internalization evolves under a wide range of conditions, making cooperation \u201cinstinctive.\u201d We make testable predictions about individual and group behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1703857114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,22]],"date-time":"2017-05-22T20:40:47Z","timestamp":1495485647000},"page":"6068-6073","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":225,"title":["Collective action and the evolution of social norm internalization"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Sergey","family":"Gavrilets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996;"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996;"},{"name":"National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Richerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2089854"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/228311"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Not by Genes Alone: How Culture Transformed Human Evolution","author":"Richerson PJ","year":"2005","unstructured":"PJ Richerson, R Boyd Not by Genes Alone: How Culture Transformed Human Evolution (Univ of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8784.2004.00005.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-073014-112242"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2005.tb00329.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","volume-title":"The Grammar of Society: The Nature and Dynamics of Social Norms","author":"Bicchieri C","year":"2006","unstructured":"C Bicchieri The Grammar of Society: The Nature and Dynamics of Social Norms (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge, UK, 2006)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055400185016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.2003.3104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043463103015002001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective","author":"Henrich J","year":"2014","unstructured":"J Henrich, J Ensminger, Theoretical foundations: The coevolution of social norms, intrinsic motivation, markets, and the institutions of complex societies. 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