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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Prostaglandin E\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (PGE\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), a cervical ripening agent, mediates unique EP2 receptor signaling pathways in human cervical stromal cells targeting its own synthesis by increasing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and PGE synthase (PTGES) expression and decreasing its metabolism by loss of its degradative enzyme 15-hydroxy prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). Here, we show that down-regulation of 15-PGDH is crucial for PGE\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    -induced cervical ripening and preterm birth. This report details unique mechanisms of PGE\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    action in the cervix and serves as a catalyst for (\n                    <jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) use of PGDH inhibitors to initiate, or amplify, PGE\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    -mediated cervical ripening and (\n                    <jats:italic>ii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) EP2 receptor antagonists, histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) inhibitors, or 15-PGDH activators to prevent preterm cervical ripening and preterm birth.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1704945114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]],"date-time":"2017-07-17T21:00:34Z","timestamp":1500325234000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Prostaglandin dehydrogenase is a target for successful induction of cervical ripening"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Annavarapu Hari","family":"Kishore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanquan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth &amp; Development and Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6035-2970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Kanchwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth &amp; Development and Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth &amp; Development and Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thota","family":"Ganesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yucel","family":"Akgul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Posner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"},{"name":"Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Ready","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"},{"name":"Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanford D.","family":"Markowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106;"},{"name":"Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106;"},{"name":"Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth Ann","family":"Word","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","first-page":"CD003101","article-title":"Vaginal prostaglandin (PGE2 and PGF2a) for induction of labour at term","author":"Kelly AJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"AJ Kelly, J Kavanagh, J Thomas, Vaginal prostaglandin (PGE2 and PGF2a) for induction of labour at term. 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