{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:12:38Z","timestamp":1793059958802,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"27","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":183,"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/site\/misc\/userlicense.xhtml"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI050611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI050611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI074667"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI074667"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An estimated 20 million hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections occur yearly worldwide, leading to 56,600 deaths. Chronic HEV infection has recently become a significant clinical problem in immunocompromised individuals such as organ transplant patients. The lack of an animal model greatly hinders our ability to study chronic HEV infection and develop therapeutics. Here we report the successful development a pig model of chronic HEV infection by mimicking the conditions of immunocompromised organ transplant patients. We demonstrate that active suppression of HEV-specific cell-mediated immune responses under immunocompromised conditions may facilitate the establishment of chronic HEV infection. This unique model now affords the opportunity to delineate the mechanism leading to chronicity and to test specific antivirals against chronic hepatitis E.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1705446114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,3]],"date-time":"2017-07-03T16:10:43Z","timestamp":1499098243000},"page":"6914-6923","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Pig model mimicking chronic hepatitis E virus infection in immunocompromised patients to assess immune correlates during chronicity"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Dianjun","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian M.","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakthivel","family":"Subramaniam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Yugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Lynn","family":"Heffron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott P.","family":"Kenney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 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24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Catanzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"LeRoith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 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