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One way to provide correct treatment and slow down the development of antibiotic resistance is to assay the susceptibility profile of the infecting bacteria before treatment is initiated and let this information guide the choice of antibiotic. Here, we present an antibiotic susceptibility test that is sufficiently fast to be used at the point of care. We show that it is possible to determine if a urinary tract infection is caused by resistant bacteria within 30 min of loading a urine sample, even if the bacterial concentration in the urine is very low.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1708558114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T20:30:29Z","timestamp":1502224229000},"page":"9170-9175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":436,"title":["Antibiotic susceptibility testing in less than 30 min using direct single-cell imaging"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"\u00d6zden","family":"Baltekin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"Boucharin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Tano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan I.","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Elf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm497"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.21.6.1023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2013.33.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12373"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/375681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5LC90017D"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics4040455"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2LC41055A"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4LC00451E"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009650"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201602763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.04.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-012-9606-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"361","article-title":"The diagnosis of urinary tract infection: A systematic review","volume":"107","author":"Schmiemann G","year":"2010","unstructured":"G Schmiemann, E Kniehl, K Gebhardt, MM Matejczyk, E Hummers-Pradier, The diagnosis of urinary tract infection: A systematic review. 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