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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With training, stimulus detection or discrimination abilities can improve dramatically. This process, called perceptual learning, supports language acquisition, musical expertise, and professional judgments, such as the identification of abnormalities in X-rays. To explore neural mechanisms that support perceptual learning, we measured and manipulated auditory cortex activity as animals trained on an auditory task. We found improvements in neural sensitivity that correlated tightly with perceptual learning, both in absolute magnitude and time course, and depended strongly on task engagement. Disrupting auditory cortical function impaired learning while leaving perception largely intact. 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