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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Changes in surface temperature and humidity over land are important for climate-change impacts on humans and ecosystems. Here, we show how trends in land humidity and temperature in recent decades are linked to ocean warming. While changes in temperature and humidity have been different over land and ocean, these changes have combined to give equal changes in the moist static energy of the air over land and ocean, consistent with expectations from atmospheric dynamics. We show how this dynamical constraint, and an additional constraint based on moisture transport, may be used to predict land climate changes given the ocean warming. 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