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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) have a large impact on air quality and climate change as precursors in the formation of ozone and secondary aerosols. We find that NO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011\u20132015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency\u2019s emission inventory data. The discrepancy can be explained by the growing relative contribution of industrial, area, and off-road mobile sources of emissions, decreasing relative contribution of on-road gasoline vehicles, and slower than expected decreases in on-road diesel NO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions, with implications for air-quality management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1801191115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]],"date-time":"2018-04-30T15:15:16Z","timestamp":1525101316000},"page":"5099-5104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":167,"title":["Unexpected slowdown of US pollutant emission reduction in the past decade"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0086-7486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301;"},{"name":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian C.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305;"},{"name":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Worden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Worden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91009;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuyuki","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daven K.","family":"Henze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan B. 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