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In this report, using fiber photometry and optogenetics on behaving rats, we show that one major lateral habenula output pathway controls the motivation to exert effort in both aversive and appetitive contexts. Overactivity of this pathway could contribute to the reduced motivation seen in human depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1801837115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,11]],"date-time":"2018-05-11T14:35:15Z","timestamp":1526049315000},"page":"5792-5797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["A neural pathway controlling motivation to exert effort"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Christophe D.","family":"Proulx","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sage","family":"Aronson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djordje","family":"Milivojevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cris","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Loi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Monk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Shabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Malinow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093;"},{"name":"Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001547","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547","article-title":"Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2010","volume":"10","author":"Ferrari AJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"AJ Ferrari, , Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2010. 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