{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:34:29Z","timestamp":1793399669134,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"45","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":182,"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/site\/aboutpnas\/licenses.xhtml"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"USDA | National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-68008-27890"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-68008-27890"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pork accounts for more than one-third of meat produced worldwide and is an important component of global food security, agricultural economies, and trade. Infectious diseases are among the primary constraints to swine production, and the globalization of the swine industry has contributed to the emergence and spread of pathogens. Despite the importance of infectious diseases to animal health and the stability and productivity of the global swine industry, pathogens of swine have never been reviewed at a global scale. Here, we build a holistic global picture of research on swine pathogens to enhance preparedness and understand patterns of emergence and spread. By conducting a scoping review of more than 57,000 publications across 50 years, we identify priority pathogens globally and regionally, and characterize geographic and temporal trends in research priorities. Of the 40 identified pathogens, publication rates for eight pathogens increased faster than overall trends, suggesting that these pathogens may be emerging or constitute an increasing threat. We also compared regional patterns of pathogen prioritization in the context of policy differences, history of outbreaks, and differing swine health challenges faced in regions where swine production has become more industrialized. We documented a general increasing trend in importance of zoonotic pathogens and show that structural changes in the industry related to intensive swine production shift pathogen prioritization. Multinational collaboration networks were strongly shaped by region, colonial ties, and pig trade networks. This review represents the most comprehensive overview of research on swine infectious diseases to date.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1806068115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T15:20:51Z","timestamp":1540221651000},"page":"11495-11500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":306,"title":["Global trends in infectious diseases of swine"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5764-6430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly","family":"VanderWaal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Deen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","unstructured":"; WorldBank World Bank DataBank. 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Rev Sci Tech 25, 517\u2013528 (2006).","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","first-page":"95","article-title":"The emergence and evolution of swine viral diseases: To what extent have husbandry systems and global trade contributed to their distribution and diversity?","volume":"30","author":"Drew TW","year":"2011","unstructured":"TW Drew, The emergence and evolution of swine viral diseases: To what extent have husbandry systems and global trade contributed to their distribution and diversity? 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Database (Oxford) 2012, bas041 (2012).","journal-title":"Database (Oxford)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8603-9-48","article-title":"Restrictions on antimicrobial use in food animal production: An international regulatory and economic survey","volume":"9","author":"Maron DF","year":"2013","unstructured":"DF Maron, TJS Smith, KE Nachman, Restrictions on antimicrobial use in food animal production: An international regulatory and economic survey. Global Health 9, 48 (2013).","journal-title":"Global Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0717","article-title":"Intensive swine production and pork safety","volume":"8","author":"Davies PR","year":"2011","unstructured":"PR Davies, Intensive swine production and pork safety. 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