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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Translocation of the nuclear factor (NF)-\u03baB homolog Relish in response to microbial infection is a hallmark of the arthropod immune deficiency (IMD) pathway. Classically, transduction within the IMD molecular cascade is regulated by the inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (IAP2). In the Lyme disease\n                    <jats:italic>Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    tick, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is considered a functionally analogous enzyme. Ticks lack homologs for some genes of the IMD network. As such, substrates of XIAP remain elusive. Here, we identify the molecule p47 as a binding partner of XIAP and Kenny (IKK\u03b3\/NEMO). We demonstrate that p47 induces a signaling cascade within the tick IMD pathway to limit microbial infection. This work emphasizes the importance of studying ticks to discover fundamental immunological processes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1808905116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T20:16:25Z","timestamp":1545077785000},"page":"205-210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["p47 licenses activation of the immune deficiency pathway in the tick\n                    <i>Ixodes scapularis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Erin E.","family":"McClure Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana K.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anya J.","family":"O\u2019Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adela S.","family":"Oliva Ch\u00e1vez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey J.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishant Mahendra","family":"Boradia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly L.","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao H. 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