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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Intestinal tuft cells are sentinels monitoring the luminal contents and play a critical role in type 2 immunity. In this work,\n                    <jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    excretion\u2013secretion and extract were shown to directly induce interleukin 25 (IL-25) release from the intestinal villi, evoke calcium responses in tuft cells, and activate Tas2r bitter-taste receptors, whereas the bitter compound salicin was shown to activate and induce tuft cells to release IL-25. G\u03b1-gustducin\/G\u03b21\u03b313 and\/or G\u03b1o\/G\u03b21\u03b313, Plc\u03b22, Ip\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    r2, and Trpm5 comprise the signal transduction pathways that tuft cells utilize to initiate type 2 immune responses. Potentiation of Trpm5 by a natural sweet compound, stevioside, can enhance the tuft cell\u2013ILC2 circuit\u2019s activity, indicating that modulating these signaling components can help devise new means of combating parasites.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1812901116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,28]],"date-time":"2019-02-28T19:45:29Z","timestamp":1551383129000},"page":"5564-5569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":201,"title":["Infection by the parasitic helminth\n                    <i>Trichinella spiralis<\/i>\n                    activates a Tas2r-mediated signaling pathway in intestinal tuft cells"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Cui","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, 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