{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:32:45Z","timestamp":1791297165123,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A plasmid DNA directing transcription of the infectious full-length RNA genome of Kunjin (KUN) virus\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    from a mammalian expression promoter was used to vaccinate mice intramuscularly. The KUN viral cDNA encoded in the plasmid contained the mutation in the NS1 protein (Pro-250 to Leu) previously shown to attenuate KUN virus in weanling mice. KUN virus was isolated from the blood of immunized mice 3-4 days after DNA inoculation, demonstrating that infectious RNA was being transcribed\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    ; however, no symptoms of virus-induced disease were observed. By 19 days postimmunization, neutralizing antibody was detected in the serum of immunized animals. On challenge with lethal doses of the virulent New York strain of West Nile (WN) or wild-type KUN virus intracerebrally or intraperitoneally, mice immunized with as little as 0.1-1 \u03bcg of KUN plasmid DNA were solidly protected against disease. This finding correlated with neutralization data\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    showing that serum from KUN DNA-immunized mice neutralized KUN and WN viruses with similar efficiencies. The results demonstrate that delivery of an attenuated but replicating KUN virus via a plasmid DNA vector may provide an effective vaccination strategy against virulent strains of WN virus.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1834270100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,2]],"date-time":"2003-09-02T13:27:00Z","timestamp":1062509220000},"page":"10460-10464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["DNA vaccine coding for the full-length infectious Kunjin virus RNA protects mice against the New York strain of West Nile virus"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Roy A.","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, and Clinical Medical Virology Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Public Health Virology, Queensland Health Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Brisbane 4001, Australia; and Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra J.","family":"Nisbet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, and Clinical Medical Virology Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Public Health Virology, Queensland Health Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Brisbane 4001, Australia; and Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim B.","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, and Clinical Medical Virology Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Public Health Virology, Queensland Health Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Brisbane 4001, Australia; and Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa T.","family":"Pyke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, and Clinical Medical Virology Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Public Health Virology, Queensland Health Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Brisbane 4001, Australia; and Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg A.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, and Clinical Medical Virology Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Public Health Virology, Queensland Health Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Brisbane 4001, Australia; and Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Khromykh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, and Clinical Medical Virology Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Public Health Virology, Queensland Health Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Brisbane 4001, Australia; and Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane 4029, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","first-page":"195","volume":"267","year":"2002","unstructured":"Murgue, B., Zeller, H. & Deubel, V. 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