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Reducing such vigilance is advantageous in the short term. In the long run, it leads to more cheating and less cooperation. This can create cyclic outbursts of corruption or maintain corruption at a stable level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1900078116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,13]],"date-time":"2019-06-13T19:45:19Z","timestamp":1560455119000},"page":"13276-13281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Social evolution leads to persistent corruption"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Joung-Hun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Decision Science for a Sustainable Society, Kyushu University, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan;"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Kyushu University, Nishiku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoh","family":"Iwasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Kyushu University, Nishiku, 819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan;"},{"name":"Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei-Gakuin University, 669-1337 Sanda-Shi Hyogo, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Dieckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria;"},{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Sigmund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria;"},{"name":"Faculty for Mathematics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/actrade\/9780199689699.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Understanding Institutional Diversity","author":"Ostrom E.","year":"2005","unstructured":"E. 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