{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:52:23Z","timestamp":1781110343543,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]],"date-time":"2020-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":182,"URL":"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/site\/aboutpnas\/licenses.xhtml"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL-117737"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL-117737"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI-45659"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI-45659"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Wong Foundation","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    HLA genes confer the strongest genetic autoimmune disease risk. Specific\n                    <jats:italic>HLA-DRB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    alleles predispose to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while others encoding the sequence DERAA are RA-protective. Unexpectedly, having given birth to children with DERAA\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:italic>HLA-DRB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    alleles prior to onset was found to increase RA risk in women. We show that microchimerism (Mc; allogeneic cell long-term legacy of pregnancy) carrying DERAA\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    HLA increases the odds of RA 17-fold and that allogeneic cells carrying DERAA stimulated DERAA\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells in vitro. Microbial-derived DERAA peptides (among others) are known to stimulate DERAA-directed T cells naturally present in DERAA\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    individuals. Our data indicate that Mc with DERAA alloantigens can potentially activate similar adaptive immunity pathways and mechanistically link naturally occurring Mc to an autoimmune disorder.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1904779116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T20:25:29Z","timestamp":1568060729000},"page":"19600-19608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Immunogenicity of a rheumatoid arthritis protective sequence when acquired through microchimerism"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Sami B.","family":"Kanaan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oyku","family":"Sensoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayakrishna K.","family":"Gadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109;"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Lee","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109;"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08494"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1997.4412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780301102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"232","article-title":"HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding an aspartic acid at position 70 protect against development of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"28","author":"Mattey D. L.","year":"2001","unstructured":"D. L. Mattey ., HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding an aspartic acid at position 70 protect against development of rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 28, 232\u2013239 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2003.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21272"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.067603"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.098509"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27366","article-title":"Protection against anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis is predominantly associated with HLA-DRB1*1301: A meta-analysis of HLA-DRB1 associations with anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive and anti-citrullinated protein antibody-negative rheumatoid arthritis in four European populations","volume":"62","author":"van der Woude D.","year":"2010","unstructured":"D. van der Woude ., Protection against anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis is predominantly associated with HLA-DRB1*1301: A meta-analysis of HLA-DRB1 associations with anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive and anti-citrullinated protein antibody-negative rheumatoid arthritis in four European populations. Arthritis Rheum. 62, 1236\u20131245 (2010).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/948723"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2016.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210662"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/358764a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.5.1814"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3545","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.7.3545","article-title":"Critical residues on HLA-DRB1*0402 HV3 peptide for HLA-DQ8-restricted immunogenicity: Implications for rheumatoid arthritis predisposition","volume":"158","author":"Zanelli E.","year":"1997","unstructured":"E. Zanelli, C. J. Krco, C. S. David, Critical residues on HLA-DRB1*0402 HV3 peptide for HLA-DQ8-restricted immunogenicity: Implications for rheumatoid arthritis predisposition. J. Immunol. 158, 3545\u20133551 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002510050450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(98)00101-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.2.133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.8.4987"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(01)00226-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(01)00315-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.88"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2017.1311436"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700471"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V93.6.2033.406k18_2033_2037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.38"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24224"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30160"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","first-page":"1032","article-title":"HLA-DRB1*0401\/0404 genotype and rheumatoid arthritis: Increased association in men, young age at onset, and disease severity","volume":"22","author":"MacGregor A.","year":"1995","unstructured":"A. MacGregor, W. Ollier, W. Thomson, D. Jawaheer, A. Silman, HLA-DRB1*0401\/0404 genotype and rheumatoid arthritis: Increased association in men, young age at onset, and disease severity. J. Rheumatol. 22, 1032\u20131036 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.051391"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126454"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.3.3.301-304.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.03.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.82"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27459","article-title":"Does pregnancy provide vaccine-like protection against rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"62","author":"Guthrie K. A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"K. A. Guthrie, C. E. Dugowson, L. F. Voigt, T. D. Koepsell, J. L. Nelson, Does pregnancy provide vaccine-like protection against rheumatoid arthritis? Arthritis Rheum. 62, 1842\u20131848 (2010).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-10-801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.036913"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0710260104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1164511"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2006.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","first-page":"246","article-title":"Blood transfusion, alcohol use, and anthropometric risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis in older women","volume":"29","author":"Cerhan J. R.","year":"2002","unstructured":"J. R. Cerhan, K. G. Saag, L. A. Criswell, L. A. Merlino, T. R. Mikuls, Blood transfusion, alcohol use, and anthropometric risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis in older women. J. Rheumatol. 29, 246\u2013254 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/syndication\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.1904779116","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1904779116","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T01:00:21Z","timestamp":1721696421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1904779116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1904779116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1904779116","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}