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In this work, the economic input\u2013output model is adapted to track emissions flows through electric grids and quantify the pollution embodied in electricity production, exchanges, and, ultimately, consumption for the 66 continental US Balancing Authorities (BAs). The hourly and BA-level dataset we generate and release leverages multiple publicly available datasets for the year 2016. Our analysis demonstrates the importance of considering location and temporal effects as well as electricity exchanges in estimating emissions footprints. While increasing electricity exchanges makes the integration of renewable electricity easier, importing electricity may also run counter to climate-change goals, and citizens in regions exporting electricity from high-emission-generating sources bear a disproportionate air-pollution burden. For example, 40% of the carbon emissions related to electricity consumption in California\u2019s main BA were produced in a different region. From 30 to 50% of the sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released in some of the coal-heavy Rocky Mountain regions were related to electricity produced that was then exported. Whether for policymakers designing energy efficiency and renewable programs, regulators enforcing emissions standards, or large electricity consumers greening their supply, greater resolution is needed for electric-sector emissions indices to evaluate progress against current and future goals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1912950116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T20:26:37Z","timestamp":1575318397000},"page":"25497-25502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Tracking emissions in the US electricity system"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3586-199X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacques A.","family":"de Chalendar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2205;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5429-9907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Taggart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Sciences and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3733-4296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sally M.","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2205;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","unstructured":"US Environmental Protection Agency \u201cInventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks: 1990-2016\u2014Executive summary\u201d (Tech. 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