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Here we study if mitochondrial transfer from the stromal cells to blood stem cells is required for the rapid generation of leukocytes which are required for the immune system to respond to bacterial infection. We find that mitochondria are transferred to blood stem cells within 2 h of sensing infection and show that direct contact between stromal cells and blood stem cells is required for mitochondrial transfer to occur. The metabolic changes that follow mitochondrial transfer into hematopoietic stem cells underpin the rapid mammalian response to infection. Finally, we find that, if mitochondrial transfer is blocked, an increase in bacterial colonization in the mammalian system occurs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913278116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T20:35:33Z","timestamp":1573763733000},"page":"24610-24619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["ROS-mediated PI3K activation drives mitochondrial transfer from stromal cells to hematopoietic stem cells in response to infection"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Jayna J.","family":"Mistry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, NR4 7UQ Norwich, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Earlham Institute, NR4 7UH Norwich, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Marlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, NR4 7UQ Norwich, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie A.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, NR4 7UQ Norwich, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Hellmich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, NR4 7UQ Norwich, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Department of Haematology, School of Pharmacy, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, NR4 7UY Norwich, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edyta E.","family":"Wojtowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, NR4 7UQ Norwich, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Earlham Institute, NR4 7UH Norwich, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James G. 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