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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Despite its long history, the central effects of progressive\n depletion of vitamin A in adult mice has not been previously described.\n An examination of vitamin-deprived animals revealed a progressive and\n ultimately profound impairment of hippocampal CA1 long-term\n potentiation and a virtual abolishment of long-term depression.\n Importantly, these losses are fully reversible by dietary vitamin A\n replenishment\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    or direct application of all\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    -retinoic acid to acute hippocampal slices. We find\n retinoid responsive transgenes to be highly active in the hippocampus,\n and by using dissected explants, we show the hippocampus to be a site\n of robust synthesis of bioactive retinoids. In aggregate, these results\n demonstrate that vitamin A and its active derivatives function as\n essential competence factors for long-term synaptic plasticity within\n the adult brain, and suggest that key genes required for long-term\n potentiation and long-term depression are retinoid dependent. These\n data suggest a major mental consequence for the hundreds of millions of\n adults and children who are vitamin A deficient.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.191369798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:34:10Z","timestamp":1027679650000},"page":"11714-11719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":223,"title":["Vitamin A deprivation results in reversible loss of hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"D. L.","family":"Misner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory and Gene\r Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies,\r Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La\r Jolla, CA 92037; Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis\r and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes\r of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Ludwig Institute for\r Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, Box 240, S-171 77 Stockholm,\r Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory and Gene\r Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies,\r Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La\r Jolla, CA 92037; Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis\r and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes\r of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Ludwig Institute for\r Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, Box 240, S-171 77 Stockholm,\r Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory and Gene\r Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies,\r Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La\r Jolla, CA 92037; Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis\r and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes\r of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Ludwig Institute for\r Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, Box 240, S-171 77 Stockholm,\r Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"de Urquiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory and Gene\r Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies,\r Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La\r Jolla, CA 92037; Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis\r and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes\r of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Ludwig Institute for\r Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, Box 240, S-171 77 Stockholm,\r Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Solomin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory and Gene\r Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies,\r Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La\r Jolla, CA 92037; Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis\r and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes\r of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Ludwig Institute for\r Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, Box 240, S-171 77 Stockholm,\r Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Perlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory and Gene\r Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies,\r Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La\r Jolla, CA 92037; Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis\r and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes\r of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Ludwig Institute for\r Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, Box 240, S-171 77 Stockholm,\r Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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