{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:47:21Z","timestamp":1792036041028,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":183,"URL":"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/site\/aboutpnas\/licenses.xhtml"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-17-CE02-0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-CE02-0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Olfaction and thermoregulation are key functions for mammals. The former is critical to feeding, mating, and predator avoidance behaviors, while the latter is essential for homeothermy. Aquatic and amphibious mammals face olfactory and thermoregulatory challenges not generally encountered by terrestrial species. In mammals, the nasal cavity houses a bony system supporting soft tissues and sensory organs implicated in either olfactory or thermoregulatory functions. It is hypothesized that to cope with aquatic environments, amphibious mammals have expanded their thermoregulatory capacity at the expense of their olfactory system. We investigated the evolutionary history of this potential trade-off using a comparative dataset of three-dimensional (3D) CT scans of 189 skulls, capturing 17 independent transitions from a strictly terrestrial to an amphibious lifestyle across small mammals (Afrosoricida, Eulipotyphla, and Rodentia). We identified rapid and repeated loss of olfactory capacities synchronously associated with gains in thermoregulatory capacity in amphibious taxa sampled from across mammalian phylogenetic diversity. Evolutionary models further reveal that these convergences result from faster rates of turbinal bone evolution and release of selective constraints on the thermoregulatory-olfaction trade-off in amphibious species. Lastly, we demonstrated that traits related to vital functions evolved faster to the optimum compared to traits that are not related to vital functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1917836117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T20:25:50Z","timestamp":1586204750000},"page":"8958-8965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Convergent evolution of olfactory and thermoregulatory capacities in small amphibious mammals"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Quentin","family":"Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Sciences de l\u2019\u00c9volution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement (IRD), Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier (UM), UMR 5554, 34095 Montpellier, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Clavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Univ. Lyon Laboratoire d\u2019Ecologie des Hydrosyst\u00e8mes Naturels et Anthropis\u00e9s, UMR CNRS 5023, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, \u00c9cole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l\u2019\u00c9tat (ENTPE), F\u201069622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob A.","family":"Esselstyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803;"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anang S.","family":"Achmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), 16911 Cibinong, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Groh\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024;"},{"name":"Laboratoire Pal\u00e9ontologie \u00c9volution Pal\u00e9o\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes Pal\u00e9oprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM, UMR 7262, CNRS-Institut \u00e9cologie et environnement [INEE]), Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelly","family":"Pirot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche en Canc\u00e9rologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U1194 UM, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France;"},{"name":"R\u00e9seau d\u2019Histologie Exp\u00e9rimentale de Montpellier, UMS3426 CNRS-US009 INSERM-UM, 34298 Montpellier, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3414-5625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre-Henri","family":"Fabre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Sciences de l\u2019\u00c9volution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement (IRD), Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier (UM), UMR 5554, 34095 Montpellier, France;"},{"name":"Mammal Section, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution","author":"Kardong K. 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