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Their T cell receptor-mediated responses to in vitro stimulation and their effector functions at birth are weaker compared with those in adults, possibly reflecting the need for tolerance in utero. However, here we show that upon transition to the prominent microbial exposure early after birth, public fetal-derived V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells expand and differentiate into potent cytotoxic effector cells. Thus, they provide newborns with a first line of antimicrobial effector T cells in order to combat infections in early life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1922595117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T16:25:16Z","timestamp":1594743916000},"page":"18638-18648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Fetal public V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells expand and gain potent cytotoxic functions early after birth"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3006-1993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Papadopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium;"},{"name":"Institute for Medical Immunology, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium;"},{"name":"ULB Center for 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