{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:59:42Z","timestamp":1791118782838,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"20","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nicotine exposure diminishes the protective breathing and arousal responses to stress (hypoxia). By exacerbating sleep-disordered breathing, this disturbance could underpin the well established association between smoking and the increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. We show here that the protective responses to stress during sleep are partially regulated by particular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). We compared responses of sleeping wild-type and mutant mice lacking the \u03b22 subunit of the nAChR to episodic hypoxia. Arousal from sleep was diminished, and breathing drives accentuated in mutant mice indicating that these protective responses are partially regulated by \u03b22-containing nAChRs. Brief exposure to nicotine significantly reduced breathing drives in sleeping wild-type mice, but had no effect in mutants. We propose that nicotine impairs breathing (and possibly arousal) responses to stress by disrupting functions normally regulated by \u03b22-containing, high-affinity nAChRs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192463599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T12:58:28Z","timestamp":1033477108000},"page":"13272-13277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["\u03b22 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit modulates protective responses to stress: A receptor basis for sleep-disordered breathing after nicotine exposure"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Gary","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Neurologie et de Physiologie du D\u00e9veloppement, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale E9935, H\u00f4pital Robert-Debr\u00e9, 75019 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche 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