{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T01:52:10Z","timestamp":1790733130005,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"26","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":183,"URL":"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/site\/aboutpnas\/licenses.xhtml"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01GM106720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM106720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-1652316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-1652316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Membrane-binding toxins demonstrate both a public health challenge and a bioengineering opportunity due to their efficient internalization into cells. These toxins multivalently bind to naturally occurring lipid receptors at the plasma membrane and initiate endocytosis. This manuscript reports the importance of structured lipid receptor clustering for the induction of membrane bending. We also observed that the magnitude of membrane curvature was correlated to the stoichiometry of toxin-bound receptors. By identifying how these bacterial proteins initiate membrane curvature, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the early steps of pathogenic endocytosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2001119117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T19:52:07Z","timestamp":1592423527000},"page":"14978-14986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Structured clustering of the glycosphingolipid GM1 is required for membrane curvature induced by cholera toxin"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5953-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abir Maarouf","family":"Kabbani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2228-6313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishnan","family":"Raghunathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Infectious Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7346-2730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wayne I.","family":"Lencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA 02115;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6567-9059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne K.","family":"Kenworthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0886-8691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher V.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003832"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2010.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6SM00464D"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b05706"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2016.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00401-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins2030310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2006.00545.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2008.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2008.11.067"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la302205b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/12\/9\/095001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12321"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2017.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5507"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.201801290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034923"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.20.3737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e02-12-0809"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi047959"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2007_3154"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a004721"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3968"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2017.07.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2011.336"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.124024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(97)78820-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2012.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.141.4.905"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.9b03001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9110340"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1722320115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.42.4768"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2561"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la5036618"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153265"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0112816"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13361-013-0751-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2012.03.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200312170"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.104.040519"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2015.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl502536u"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp412203t"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(86)83714-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511026103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2010.08.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2013.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2018.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmgm.2016.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e04-04-0283"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14067"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01286-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bse0570135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405654102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804374105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(02)75596-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.5b01866"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2010.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0206309"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-513-8_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1237"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.82.011917"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031457"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0263-7855(96)00018-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.5560060716"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/syndication\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2001119117","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2001119117","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T06:03:33Z","timestamp":1649829813000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.2001119117"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"26","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2001119117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2001119117","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.01.22.915249","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}