{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:51:52Z","timestamp":1791615112415,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RO1-AI101112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1-AI101112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                    mosquitoes are projected to continue expanding their ranges, which could expose millions more humans to the diseases they carry. The implementation of vector control methods ranging from traditional (e.g., insecticides) to cutting edge (e.g., genetic modification) could be improved with landscape connectivity maps and increased understanding of the factors that affect mosquito dispersal. Here we present an iterative random forest method for integrating genetic and environmental data to map landscape connectivity. We achieve a correlation of 0.83 between the model\u2019s predicted genetic distance and actual genetic distance. We produce a genetic connectivity map for the southern tier of the United States and discuss important factors to consider in mosquito control, e.g., the release of genetically modified mosquitoes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003201118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T16:27:08Z","timestamp":1614011228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A machine-learning approach to map landscape connectivity in\n                    <i>Aedes aegypti<\/i>\n                    with genetic and environmental data"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6402-3397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evlyn","family":"Pless","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"},{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8974-0301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norah P.","family":"Saarman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84321;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7651-5153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adalgisa","family":"Caccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8341-2830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Amatulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511;"},{"name":"Center for Research Computing, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-016-0834-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2018.00021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/28.2.114"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/31.1.39"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/145.4.1219"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2006.tb00500.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1516778112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(03)00008-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2010.04691.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2013.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.4050"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17161\/bi.v2i0.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-84858-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/08-0879.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2012.02497.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2010.04657.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706568104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0587.2009.05807.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjfr-2014-0562"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/07-0539.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14849"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.08347"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biy119"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007213"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000801","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-000801","article-title":"Determining environmental and anthropogenic factors which explain the global distribution of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus","volume":"3","author":"Lee Dickens B.","year":"2018","unstructured":"B. Lee Dickens, H. Sun, M. Jit, A. R. Cook, L. R. Carrasco, Determining environmental and anthropogenic factors which explain the global distribution of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. BMJ Global Health 3, e000801 (2018).","journal-title":"BMJ Global Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw072"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762003000200005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2005.00589.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2006.0630"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0471-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","first-page":"521","article-title":"Aedes aegypti and yellow fever","volume":"36","author":"Soper F. L.","year":"1967","unstructured":"F. L. Soper, Aedes aegypti and yellow fever. Bull. World Health Organ. 36, 521 (1967).","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003829"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13653"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","first-page":"2446","article-title":"Worldwide patterns of genetic differentiation imply multiple \u2018domestications\u2019 of Aedes aegypti, a major vector of human diseases","volume":"278","author":"Brown J. E.","year":"2011","unstructured":"J. E. Brown , Worldwide patterns of genetic differentiation imply multiple \u2018domestications\u2019 of Aedes aegypti, a major vector of human diseases. Proc. Biol. Sci. 278, 2446\u20132454 (2011).","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1967.tb03411.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn129"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-018-0687-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2012.03123.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12686-011-9548-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/155.2.945"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12925"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-017-1147-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.12182"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-4571.2012.00244.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0102"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2006.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-020-0478-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2002.01520.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003864"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/gatesopenres.12844.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005718"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2987\/18-6776.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2006.01533.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13866"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04456.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01931.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-8286.2003.00566.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2004.00770.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","unstructured":"GDAL DevelopmentTeam GDAL \u2013 Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (Version 2.2.3) (Open Source Geospatial Foundation 2017). www.gdal.org. Accessed 15 January 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2017.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2017.165"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2017GL072874"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-020-0479-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_2","unstructured":"R. J. Zomer Trees and water: Smallholder agroforestry on irrigated lands in Northern India (IWMI 2007) vol. 122."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2008.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25181"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2013.2271445"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Pesaresi \u201cThe global human settlement layer from landsat imagery\u201d in 2016 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) (IEEE 2016) pp. 7276\u20137279.","DOI":"10.1109\/IGARSS.2016.7730897"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R Core Team R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna Austria 2019). https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/. Accessed 16 February 2021.","DOI":"10.18293\/JVLC2021-N2-020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_2","unstructured":"GRASS Development Team Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS GIS) Software (Version 7.8 Open Source Geospatial Foundation 2019). http:\/\/grass.osgeo.org. Accessed 16 February 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Pless J. R. Powell A machine-learning approach to map landscape connectivity in Aedes aegypti with genetic and environmental data. VectorBase. https:\/\/vectorbase.org\/popbio-map\/web\/?projectID=VBP0000715. Deposited 14 January 2021.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003201118"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/syndication\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2003201118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2003201118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T06:20:37Z","timestamp":1649830837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.2003201118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2003201118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2003201118","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2003201118"}}