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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Reports suggest that at least 25% of women suffering from reproductive disorders are due to hypothalamic dysfunction. Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) regimens are used for infertile women. Thus, elucidation of the GnRH\/gonadotropin pulse generator is warranted to improve therapeutic approaches for these disorders. Normal pulsatile gonadotropin release and folliculogenesis were rescued by transfecting the kisspeptin gene (\n                    <jats:italic>Kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) into the hypothalamic neurokinin B (NKB) neurons in global\n                    <jats:italic>Kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockout infertile female rats but not by transfecting outside the NKB neurons. Our results demonstrate that kisspeptin\/NKB\/dynorphin A (KNDy) neurons serve as the GnRH pulse generator, and &gt;20% KNDy neurons are enough to maintain GnRH\/gonadotropin pulses and folliculogenesis in female rats. The findings provide a potential therapeutic aspect for hypothalamic reproductive disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2009156118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T13:30:11Z","timestamp":1611667811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Direct evidence that KNDy neurons maintain gonadotropin pulses and folliculogenesis as the GnRH pulse generator"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5065-2344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayuko","family":"Nagae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, 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