{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:31:50Z","timestamp":1792027910171,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"RCUK | Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/M009238\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/M009238\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"RCUK | Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/S002456\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/S002456\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101067\/Z\/12\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101067\/Z\/12\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"RCUK | Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N022556\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N022556\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Endometriosis is a chronic, incurable inflammatory disorder impacting 190 million women worldwide. Immune cells called macrophages are implicated in promoting endometriosis. Macrophages have different origins and their origin can dictate function. In this study we demonstrate that endometriotic lesion-resident macrophages are derived from the uterine lining (endometrium), the abdominal (peritoneal) cavity, and recruited bone-marrow precursors (monocytes). Endometriosis triggers continuous recruitment of monocytes that differentiate into macrophages that differ from those usually present within the peritoneal cavity. By depleting different populations, we demonstrate that endometrial macrophages are \u201cproendometriosis\u201d while monocyte-derived peritoneal macrophages are \u201cantiendometriosis\u201d acting to protect the cavity from lesion establishment. In the future, immune-based therapies may allow targeting of prodisease macrophages and\/or harnessing of antiendometriosis macrophages in endometriosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2013776118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T16:23:21Z","timestamp":1612369401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["Macrophages inhibit and enhance endometriosis depending on their origin"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3277-5359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chloe","family":"Hogg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7139-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kavita","family":"Panir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Early Life, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV2 2DX Coventry, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Dhami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Early Life, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV2 2DX Coventry, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Rosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Early Life, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV2 2DX Coventry, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II\u2013Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Soong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4579-0053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey W.","family":"Pollard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0233-5424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9656-493X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Horne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9165-5851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin","family":"Greaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Early Life, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV2 2DX Coventry, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2528"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3671"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3324"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1219179"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2705"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7837-3_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11852"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","unstructured":"C. C. Bain . Rate of replenishment and microenvironment contribute to the sexually dimorphic phenotype and function of peritoneal macrophages. Sci. Immunol. 5 eabc4466 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-01-478206"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105845"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204351"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0915000107"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119798"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20121999"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.11.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1810764"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","first-page":"151","article-title":"Retrograde menstruation in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis","volume":"64","author":"Halme J.","year":"1984","unstructured":"J. Halme, M. G. Hammond, J. F. Hulka, S. G. Raj, L. M. Talbert, Retrograde menstruation in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis. Obstet. Gynecol. 64, 151\u2013154 (1984).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.081011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201900797R"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-527-5_11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36748"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20182024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.20219"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. A. Louwe . Recruited macrophages that colonise the post-inflammatory peritoneal niche convert into functionally divergent resident cells. bioRxiv [Preprint] (2020). bioRxiv:10.1101\/2020.11.30.404988 (Accessed 2 December 2020).","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.11.30.404988"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903356"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.116509"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex354"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2018.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1086"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/syndication\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2013776118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2013776118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T06:28:00Z","timestamp":1649831280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.2013776118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2013776118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2013776118","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.04.30.070003","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2013776118"}}