{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:48:44Z","timestamp":1790635724687,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1173871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1173871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    As the recall of CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell memory promotes rapid recovery in, for example, influenza, we investigated circulating SARS-CoV-2\u2212specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells from COVID-19 patients. For two HLA-A*02:01 SARS-CoV-2\u2212specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell epitopes, we found that, while ex vivo frequencies of responding T cells were approximately fivefold higher than for pre\u2212COVID-19 samples, they were \u223c10-fold lower than for influenza or EBV-specific memory CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2\u2212specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells recovered from convalescent COVID-19 patients had an atypically high prevalence of stem cell memory, central memory, and na\u00efve phenotypes. Might this unexpectedly low prevalence of classical effector memory T cells be a negative consequence of the infectious process that could be avoided by prior priming with an appropriately constituted vaccine?\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2015486117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T19:45:32Z","timestamp":1599767132000},"page":"24384-24391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Suboptimal SARS-CoV-2\u2212specific CD8\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    T cell response associated with the prominent HLA-A*02:01 phenotype"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0380-1527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer R.","family":"Habel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9294-7693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thi H. O.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4155-7433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolien E.","family":"van de Sandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;"},{"name":"Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9072-1017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Juno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3755-159X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priyanka","family":"Chaurasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Wragg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9994-9723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marios","family":"Koutsakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8467-8537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Hensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of 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