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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Despite appropriate antibiotic treatment, tuberculous meningitis carries a high mortality ascribed to overexuberant inflammation. Genetic variations in the enzyme, LTA4H, alter inflammation, with individuals carrying the inflammation-associated\n                    <jats:italic>LTA4H<\/jats:italic>\n                    variant benefitting from antiinflammatory steroids administered alongside antibiotics. A prior study found poor correlation between\n                    <jats:italic>LTA4H<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotype and cerebrospinal fluid levels of cytokines, key mediators of inflammation. The study used \u201cfrequentist\u201d statistical methods that can fail to detect true differences. Using Bayesian statistics, which can detect significant differences not found by frequentist methods, we found good correlation between\n                    <jats:italic>LTA4H<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotype and cytokine levels, and cytokine levels and outcome even independent of\n                    <jats:italic>LTA4H<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotype. These findings suggest that LTA4H and additional inflammation factors affect outcome and suggest tailoring steroid therapy to cytokine levels.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2024852118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T20:06:43Z","timestamp":1614802003000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Elevated cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels in tuberculous meningitis predict survival in response to dexamethasone"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8232-4601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura J.","family":"Whitworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QH Cambridge, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CB2 0QH Cambridge, United 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