{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T05:18:34Z","timestamp":1792127914982,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"21","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study presents quantitative data on the rates of anterior tooth wear in a Pleistocene human population. The data were obtained for the hominin sample of the Sima de los Huesos site in Atapuerca, Spain. The fossil record belongs to a minimum of 28 individuals of the same biological population, assigned to the species\n                    <jats:italic>Homo heidelbergensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We have estimated the original and the preserved crown height of the mandibular incisors (I1 and I2) of 11 individuals, whose age at death can be ascertained from the mineralization stage and tooth eruption. Results provide a range of 0.276\u20130.348 and 0.288\u20130.360 mm per year for the mean wear rate of the mandibular I1 and I2, respectively, in individuals \u224816\u201318 years old. These data suggest that incisors' crowns would be totally worn out toward the fifth decade of life. Thus, we expect the life expectancy of this population to be seriously limited. These data, which could be contrasted with results obtained on hominins at other sites, could be of interest for estimating the death age of adult individuals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2034879100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,14]],"date-time":"2003-10-14T15:05:46Z","timestamp":1066143946000},"page":"11992-11996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Rates of anterior tooth wear in Middle Pleistocene hominins from Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"J. M. Berm\u00fadez","family":"de Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, J. Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Laboratori d'Arqueologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Prehistoria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Plaza Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de CC Geol\u00f3gicas, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Paleoantropologia, Consejo Superior de..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Martin\u00f3n-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, J. Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Laboratori d'Arqueologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Prehistoria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Plaza Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de CC Geol\u00f3gicas, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Paleoantropologia, Consejo Superior de..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sarmiento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, J. Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Laboratori d'Arqueologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Prehistoria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Plaza Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de CC Geol\u00f3gicas, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Paleoantropologia, Consejo Superior de..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, J. Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Laboratori d'Arqueologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Prehistoria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Plaza Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de CC Geol\u00f3gicas, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Paleoantropologia, Consejo Superior de..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"Arsuaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, J. Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Laboratori d'Arqueologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Prehistoria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Plaza Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de CC Geol\u00f3gicas, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Paleoantropologia, Consejo Superior de..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Carbonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleobiolog\u00eda, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, J. Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Laboratori d'Arqueologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Prehistoria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Plaza Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda, Facultad de CC Geol\u00f3gicas, Unidad Asociada Atapuerca, Grupo de Paleoantropologia, Consejo Superior de..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","unstructured":"Brace L. C. (1962) in Culture and the Evolution of Man ed. Montagu M. F. A. (Oxford Univ. Press New York) pp. 343\u2013354."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.684415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"203","volume":"77","year":"1981","unstructured":"Grine, F. E. (1981) S. Afr. J. Sci. 77, 203\u2013230.","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330630107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.1360030107","volume":"3","year":"1994","unstructured":"Teaford, M. F. (1994) Evol. Anthropol. 3, 17\u201330.","journal-title":"Evol. Anthropol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199904)108:4<433::AID-AJPA5>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330310305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/201284"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330740311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330760310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2484(88)90029-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199703)102:3<369::AID-AJPA6>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/278670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"275","volume":"30","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bischoff, J. L., Shamp, D. D., Aramburu, A., Arsuaga, J. L., Carbonell, E. & Berm\u00fadez de Castro, J. M. (2002) J. Archaeol. Sci. 30, 275\u2013280.","journal-title":"J. Archaeol. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330500110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"528","volume":"9","year":"1980","unstructured":"Workshop of the European Anthropologists (1980) J. Hum. Evol. 9, 528\u2013549.","journal-title":"J. Hum. Evol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS10353J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"Smith B. H. (1991) in Advances in Dental Anthropology eds. Kelley M. A. & Larsen C. S. (Wiley\u2013Liss New York) pp. 143\u2013168."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345630420062701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330540407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trinkaus E. (1983) The Shanidar Neanderthals (Academic New York).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-700550-8.50011-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","unstructured":"Smith F. H. (1983) in The Mousterian Legacy ed. Trinkaus E. British Archaeological Reports 164 (Archaeopress Oxford) pp. 141\u2013163."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1997.0110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","unstructured":"Berm\u00fadez de Castro J. M. (1996) in The Last Neandertals the First Anatomically Modern Humans eds. Carbonell E. & Vaquero M. (Universitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain) pp. 21\u201338."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"451","volume":"45","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rosas, A., Bastir, M., Mart\u00ednez, C. & Berm\u00fadez de Castro, J. M. (2002) J. Hum. Evol. 45, 451\u2013574.","journal-title":"J. Hum. Evol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.2001.0491"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7638598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5317.1392"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7638599"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1999.0326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.4210"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2034879100","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T19:24:35Z","timestamp":1704914675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.2034879100"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,3]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2034879100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2034879100","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2003-10-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}