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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We examined the long-term consequences of oral infection with the parasite\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    on a model for inflammatory bowel disease caused by chemical injury of the intestinal mucosa. Despite the fact that the parasite no longer persists in the mucosal tissue, chronic infection altered the function of monocytes that emerge from the bone marrow in a preactivated state and home to sites of inflammation. The heightened inflammatory responses by infiltrating monocytes worsened the severity of tissue damage caused by chemical injury and also blunted the wound healing responses in the gut. Our findings illustrate how chronic subclinical infections can have lasting impacts on environmental triggers of inflammation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2106730118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T16:35:21Z","timestamp":1630341321000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Chronic\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\n                    infection enhances susceptibility to colitis"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Iti","family":"Saraav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Cervantes-Barragan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Olias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7030-6131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan T.","family":"Baldridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thaddeus","family":"Stappenbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5222-4987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Colonna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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