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Thus, when used simultaneously, calcium imaging can elucidate poorly understood DBS mechanisms. We show that nucleus accumbens D1 medial spiny calcium signaling increases in preparation of hedonic feeding of high-fat food. Further, responsive, over continuous, DBS strategies effectively disrupt this activity leading to decreased consumption. Implementation of this methodology to better understand mechanisms of these and other forms of neuromodulation for various indications may help advance the field to identify novel therapeutic targets with applications extending beyond obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2109269118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T15:45:14Z","timestamp":1639755914000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Local accumbens in\u00a0vivo imaging during deep brain stimulation reveals a strategy-dependent amelioration of hedonic feeding"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Hemmings","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0907-2505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bina","family":"Kakusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Neuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"},{"name":"Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6303-5134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Christoffel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris D.","family":"Heifets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5428-5211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert C.","family":"Malenka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey H.","family":"Halpern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;"},{"name":"Richards Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania,  Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","first-page":"CD000562","article-title":"Psychological treatments for bulimia nervosa and binging","volume":"2009","author":"Hay P. 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