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The use of IEMDs is limited at the moment because, over time, a foreign body reaction (FBR) develops at the device\u2013neural interface such that ultimately the IEMD fails and needs to be removed. Here, we show that macrophage nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity drives the FBR in a nerve injury model yet integration of an NLRP3 inhibitor into the device prevents FBR while allowing full healing of damaged neural tissue to occur.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2115857119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T14:24:15Z","timestamp":1647527055000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Prevention of the foreign body response to implantable medical devices by inflammasome inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0091-385X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damiano G.","family":"Barone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Carnicer-Lombarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Tourlomousis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0598-3793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Russell S.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8202-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malwina","family":"Prater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra L.","family":"Rutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan B.","family":"Dimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4582-8501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George G.","family":"Malliaras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9075-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie P.","family":"Lacour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Neuroprosthetic Technology, Laboratory for Soft Bioelectronics Interface, Institute of Microengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Centre for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9652-8357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avril A. B.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8425-7297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristian","family":"Franze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Max-Planck-Zentrum f\u00fcr Physik und Medizin, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Physics and Microtissue Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen\u2013Nuremberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Fawcett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2924-0038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare E.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Division of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-017-0154-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201701713"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0140-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2007.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680800200504"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.107.6.1535","article-title":"The immunologic release of constituents from neutrophil leukocytes. 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