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To identify these subpopulations in human eyes, we generated the first complete morphometric map of the RPE at single-cell resolution using artificial intelligence\u2013based software. We identified five concentric RPE subpopulations, including a ring of RPE cells with cell area similar to macula in the periphery of the eye. Moreover, we found that specific RPE subpopulations are differentially susceptible to monogenic and polygenic retinal diseases. 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