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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Semidwarfing genes have greatly increased wheat yields globally, yet the widely used gibberellin (GA)-insensitive genes\n                    <jats:italic>Rht-B1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Rht-D1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    have disadvantages for seedling emergence. Use of the GA-sensitive semidwarfing gene\n                    <jats:italic>Rht13<\/jats:italic>\n                    avoids this pleiotropic effect. Here, we show that\n                    <jats:italic>Rht13<\/jats:italic>\n                    encodes a\n                    <jats:italic>nucleotide-binding site\/leucine-rich repeat<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>NB-LRR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene. A point mutation in the semidwarf\n                    <jats:italic>Rht-B13b<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele autoactivates the\n                    <jats:italic>NB-LRR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene and causes a height reduction comparable with\n                    <jats:italic>Rht-B1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Rht-D1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    in diverse genetic backgrounds. The autoactive\n                    <jats:italic>Rht-B13b<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele leads to transcriptional up-regulation of pathogenesis-related genes including class III peroxidases associated with cell wall remodeling.\n                    <jats:italic>Rht13<\/jats:italic>\n                    represents a new class of reduced height (\n                    <jats:italic>Rht<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene, unlike other\n                    <jats:italic>Rht<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes, which encode components of the GA signaling or metabolic pathways. This discovery opens avenues to use autoactive\n                    <jats:italic>NB-LRR<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes as semidwarfing genes in a range of crop species, and to apply\n                    <jats:italic>Rht13<\/jats:italic>\n                    in wheat breeding programs using a perfect genetic marker.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2209875119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T13:40:57Z","timestamp":1669210857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["An autoactive\n                    <i>NB-LRR<\/i>\n                    gene causes\n                    <i>Rht13<\/i>\n                    dwarfism in wheat"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7623-8256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippa","family":"Borrill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5286-073X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit","family":"Mago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1940-4377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grains Research and Development Corporation, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4781-6261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon J.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adinda","family":"Derkx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William D.","family":"Bovill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1836-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Hyles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhara","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"MacMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7618-3814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemary","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Buss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, 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Borrill Spielmeyer Mapping of Rht13 in hexaploid wheat. European Nucleotide Archive. https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/ena\/browser\/view\/PRJEB51492. Deposited 9 March 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","unstructured":"P. Borrill Spielmeyer Triticum aestivum clone BAC 7J15.144I10_2_2 sequence. National Centre for Biotechnology Information. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/nuccore\/OP095266.1. Deposited 27 July 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","unstructured":"P. Borrill Spielmeyer Triticum aestivum clone BAC 127M17.134P08_3 sequence. National Centre for Biotechnology Information. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/nuccore\/op095267. 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