{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T06:41:33Z","timestamp":1793256093544,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z01AI000947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01AI000947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z01AI000947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01AI000947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z01AI000947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01AI000947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z01AI000947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01AI000947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI 091595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI 091595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"abstract":"\n Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n malaria originated when\n Plasmodium praefalciparum<\/jats:italic>\n , a gorilla malaria parasite transmitted by African sylvan anopheline mosquitoes, adapted to humans. Pfs47, a protein on the parasite surface mediates\n P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n evasion of the mosquito immune system by interacting with a midgut receptor and is critical for\n Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n adaptation to different anopheline species. Genetic analysis of 4,971\n Pfs47<\/jats:italic>\n gene sequences from different continents revealed that Asia and Papua New Guinea harbor\n Pfs47<\/jats:italic>\n haplotypes more similar to its ortholog in\n P. praefalciparum<\/jats:italic>\n at sites that determine vector compatibility, suggesting that ancestral\n P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n readily adapted to Asian vectors. Consistent with this observation, Pfs47-receptor gene sequences from African sylvan malaria vectors, such as\n Anopheles moucheti<\/jats:italic>\n and\n An. marshallii<\/jats:italic>\n , were found to share greater similarity with those of\n Asian<\/jats:italic>\n vectors than those of vectors of the African\n An. gambiae<\/jats:italic>\n complex. Furthermore, experimental infections provide direct evidence that transformed\n P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n parasites carrying\n Pfs47<\/jats:italic>\n orthologs of\n P. praefalciparum<\/jats:italic>\n or\n P. reichenowi<\/jats:italic>\n were more effective at evading the immune system of the Asian malaria vector\n An. dirus<\/jats:italic>\n than\n An. gambiae<\/jats:italic>\n . We propose that high compatibility of ancestral\n P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n Pfs47 with the receptors of Asian vectors facilitated the early dispersal of human malaria to the Asian continent, without having to first adapt to sub-Saharan vectors of the\n An. gambiae<\/jats:italic>\n complex.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2213626120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T15:10:11Z","timestamp":1674486611000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Role of\n Pfs47<\/i>\n in the dispersal of ancestral\n Plasmodium falciparum<\/i>\n malaria through adaptation to different anopheline vectors"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5137-4836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro","family":"Molina-Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaspar E.","family":"Canepa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Dwivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weimin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Raytselis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Antonio-Nkondjio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaria Research Laboratory, Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les End\u00e9mies en Afrique Centrale, Yaound\u00e9 B.P. 288, Cameroun"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9400-9887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice H.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6502-7026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana C.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4039-6199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Barillas-Mury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","unstructured":"WHO \u201cWorld Malaria Report 2021\u201d (World Health Organization Geneva 2021) p. 322."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09442"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1603008113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1604913113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-120215-035211"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/54695"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1520426112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168279"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1235264"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. A. Arredondo S. H. Kappe The s48\/45 six-cysteine proteins: Mediators of interaction throughout the Plasmodium life cycle. Int J. Parasitol. 47 409\u2013423 (2016) 10.1016\/j.ijpara.2016.10.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2016.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2017.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1917042117"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.16168.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2007.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11174"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02667-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1989.tb00473.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2006.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00173-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Molina-Cruz Some strains of Plasmodium falciparum a human malaria parasite evade the complement-like system of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109 E1957\u2013E1962 (2012) 10.1073\/pnas.1121183109.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121183109"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Molina-Cruz Plasmodium falciparum evades immunity of anopheline mosquitoes by interacting with a Pfs47 midgut receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117 2597\u20132605 (2020) 10.1073\/pnas.1917042117 201917042.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1917042117"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1258522"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003976117"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-019-0708-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07632"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx530"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evw128"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11078"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01798-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp187"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12410"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.230"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2006.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3281094"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/294364a0"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.2213626120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T08:56:46Z","timestamp":1695286606000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2213626120"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.2213626120"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2213626120","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2213626120"}}