{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T21:39:58Z","timestamp":1793914798218,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2020YFA0405800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0405800"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1932201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1932201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2032113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2032113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012492","name":"CAS | Youth Innovation Promotion Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022457"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022457"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative","award":["YD2310002003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YD2310002003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Intercalation-type layered oxides have been widely explored as cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Although high-rate capability has been achieved based on the pillar effect of various intercalants for widening interlayer space, an in-depth understanding of atomic orbital variations induced by intercalants is still unknown. Herein, we design an NH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -intercalated vanadium oxide (NH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) for high-rate ZIBs, together with deeply investigating the role of the intercalant in terms of atomic orbital. Besides extended layer spacing, our X-ray spectroscopies reveal that the insertion of NH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    could promote electron transition to 3\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      d\n                      <jats:sub>xy<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    state of V\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>g<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    orbital in V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    , which significantly accelerates the electron transfer and Zn-ion migration, further verified by DFT calculations. As results, the NH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    electrode delivers a high capacity of 430.0 mA h g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 0.1 A g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , especially excellent rate capability (101.0 mA h g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 200\u00a0C), enabling fast charging within 18 s. Moreover, the reversible V\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>g<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    orbital and lattice space variation during cycling are found via ex-situ soft X-ray absorption spectrum and in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction, respectively. This work provides an insight at orbital level in advanced cathode materials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2217208120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T15:10:16Z","timestamp":1679325016000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Intercalant-induced V\n                    <i>t<\/i>\n                    <sub>\n                      <i>2<\/i>\n                    <\/sub>\n                    <i>\n                      <sub>g<\/sub>\n                    <\/i>\n                    orbital occupation in vanadium oxide cathode toward fast-charging aqueous zinc-ion batteries"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4114-5113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yixiu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4103-1335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiqiang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng-Hang","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7567-1552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuangming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kefu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honghe","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changda","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiya","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3606-1211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, the People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0585-8519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People\u2019s Republic of 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