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Phylogenetically informed comparisons of cortical folding, regional volumes, and cell sizes and densities across cortical areas and layers provide evidence against brain convergences with canids, instead demonstrating features typical of marsupials, and more specifically Dasyuridae, along with traits that scale similarly with brain size across mammals. Enlarged olfactory, limbic, and neocortical areas suggest a small-prey predator and\/or scavenging lifestyle, similar to extant quolls and Tasmanian devils. These findings are consistent with a nonuniformity of trait convergences, with brain traits clustering more with phylogeny and head\/body traits with lifestyle. By making this resource publicly available as rapid web-accessible, hierarchically organized, multiresolution images for perpetuity, we anticipate that additional comparative insights might arise from detailed studies of the thylacine brain and encourage researchers and curators to share, annotate, and preserve understudied material of outstanding biological relevance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2306516120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T15:07:46Z","timestamp":1690816066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clade-specific forebrain cytoarchitectures of the extinct Tasmanian tiger"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3736-8557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Haines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5132-2419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura R.","family":"Fenlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5153-5652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/13-0746.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2017.0642"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7882\/AZ.2012.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1997.0126"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0417-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.082628.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168993"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05634"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.0906"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01569-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-021-01788-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.244251.118"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000114406"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000348647"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","first-page":"20201537","article-title":"Did the thylacine violate the costs of carnivory? 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