{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:16:07Z","timestamp":1791508567351,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"52","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NASA | Carbon Monitoring System","award":["80NSSC21K1057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["80NSSC21K1057"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We demonstrate geostationary satellite monitoring of large transient methane point sources with the US Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). GOES provides continuous 5- to 10-min coverage of the Americas at 1 to 2 km nadir pixel resolution in two shortwave infrared spectral bands from which large methane plumes can be retrieved. We track the full evolution of an extreme methane release from the El Encino\u2014La Laguna natural gas pipeline in Durango, Mexico on 12 May 2019. The release lasted 3 h at a variable rate of 260 to 550 metric tons of methane per hour and totaled 1,130 to 1,380 metric tons. We report several other detections of transient point sources from oil\/gas infrastructure, from which we infer a detection limit of 10 to 100 t h\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Our results show that extreme releases of methane can last less than an hour, as from deliberate venting, and would thus be difficult to identify and quantify with low-Earth orbit satellites.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2310797120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T13:37:20Z","timestamp":1702993040000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Geostationary satellite observations of extreme and transient methane emissions from oil and gas infrastructure"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2797-4814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Watine-Guiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Z\u00fcrich 8092, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3207-5731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Varon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3646-4950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itziar","family":"Irakulis-Loitxate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Valencia 46022, Spain"},{"name":"International Methane Emissions Observatory, United Nations Environment Programme, Paris 75015, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4825-8414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Balasus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6373-3100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","unstructured":"IPCC 2021: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. 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Anderson S. Clough F. Kneizys J. Chetwynd E. Shettle \u201cAFGL atmospheric constituent profiles (0\u2013120 km)\u201d (Tech. Rep. AFGL-TR-86-0110 Air Force Geophys. Lab. Hanscom Air Force Base Bedford MA 1986)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","unstructured":"A. Groshenry C. Giron T. Lauvaux A. d\u2019Aspremont T. Ehret Detecting methane plumes using Prisma: Deep learning model and data augmentation. arXiv [Preprint] (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2211.15429 (Accessed 16 October 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-11-5673-2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605617113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-16-89-2023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Watine-Guiu Replication data for: Geostationary satellite observations of extreme and transient methane emissions from oil and gas infrastructure. Harvard Dataverse. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7910\/DVN\/EQWHCG. 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