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Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Natural killer (NK) cells are a vital part of the innate immune system capable of rapidly clearing mutated or infected cells from the body and promoting an immune response. Here, we find that NK cells activated by viral infection or tumor challenge increase uptake of fatty acids and their expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1A), a critical enzyme for long-chain fatty acid oxidation. Using a mouse model with an NK cell\u2013specific deletion of CPT1A, combined with stable\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C isotope tracing, we observe reduced mitochondrial function and fatty acid\u2013derived aspartate production in CPT1A-deficient NK cells. Furthermore, CPT1A-deficient NK cells show reduced proliferation after viral infection and diminished protection against cancer due to impaired actin cytoskeleton rearrangement. Together, our findings highlight that fatty acid oxidation promotes NK cell metabolic resilience, processes that can be optimized in NK cell\u2013based immunotherapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2319254121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T13:46:23Z","timestamp":1709646383000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Fatty acid oxidation fuels natural killer cell responses against infection and cancer"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1420-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United 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