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In response, the overlying midlatitude North Atlantic jet stream and the extratropical storm track move poleward while sea-level pressure rises in the subtropics. These changes bring about a weakening of the Mediterranean storm track and a decline in rainfall over the entire basin. During glacial\u2013interglacial transitions, meltwater from continental icesheets forced abrupt subpolar North Atlantic cooling. This also strengthened the latitudinal surface temperature gradient, likely causing similar atmospheric response and aridity in the Mediterranean. There is a strong resemblance between this paleoclimate scenario and the climatic changes corresponding to the present and projected GHG drying of the EM. Hence, the late Quaternary palaeohydrology of the Dead Sea indicates an important North Atlantic centered response to external forcing, which leads to Mediterranean drying and is relevant in the present.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2407166121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T15:03:13Z","timestamp":1731337393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Paleo aridity in the Levant driven by a strong North Atlantic latitudinal surface temperature gradient and present-day relevance"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3312-5160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yochanan","family":"Kushnir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 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